254 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



The same mutilation prevents its being seen how near the 

 incisives approached the nasals, with which they do not 

 ajDpear to have been joined. This point is one of great im- 

 portance, from the structure it implies in the soft parts about 

 the nose. The height and form of the nasal bones are the 

 most remarkable feature in the head ; viewed from above 

 they are seen to taper rapidly from a broad base to a sharp 

 point, and the vertical height of their most convex part 

 above the brow at their base is 3^ inches. 



The form of the maxillaries is strongly marked in two 

 respects : first, in their shortness compared with their great 

 width and depth ; second, in the upward direction of the line 

 of alveoli from the last molar forwards, giving the apj)earance 

 (with the licence of language intended to convey an idea of 

 resemblance without implying more) as if the face had been 

 pushed upwards to correspond with the rise in the nasals, or 

 fixed on at an angle with the base of the cranium. The ten- 

 dency to shortness of the jaw was observed in the dimensions 

 of the teeth, the molars being compressed and their width 

 exceeding their length to an extent not usual in the Rumi- 

 nantia. The width apart between the maxillaries was no- 

 ticed before, the interval between the outer surfaces of the 

 alveoli equalling the space in length occupied by the line of 

 molars. The cheek tuberosities are very large and promi- 

 nent, their diameter at the base being 2 inches, and the 

 width of the jaw over them being 12-2 inches, whereas at the 

 alveoli it is but 9-8 inches. They are situated over the third 

 and foiu'th molars ; and proceeding up from them towards 

 the malar there is an mdistinct ridge on the bone. The 

 infra-orbital foramen is of large size, its vertical diameter 

 being 1*2 inch ; it is placed over the first molar as in the ox 

 and deer tribe. The muzzle portion of the bone is broken off 

 at about 2-8 inches from the first molar, from the alveolar 

 margin of which to the surface of the diastema there is an 

 abrupt sink of 1-7 inch. The muzzle is here contracted to 

 6-8 inches, and forwards at the truncated part to about 4-1. 

 The palatine arch is convex from rear to fi'ont, and concave 

 across. No trace of the palatine foramina remains, nor of the 

 suture with the proper palatine bones. The spheno-pala- 

 tine apophyses and all back to the foramen magnum' are either 

 removed or concealed in stone. In front, the mutilation of 

 the bone, at the miizzle, does not allow to be seen how the 

 incisive bones were connected with the maxillaries ; but it ap- 

 pears that they did not reach so high on the maxillaries as the 



' With the exception of a portion of the basilary region, which resembles that 

 of the Ruminants. 



