266 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



APPEKDIX. 



I.nr-MS. Note by Dk. Falconee on a Specimen Discovered 



BY Col. Colvin.' 



In a preceding article, in describing the head of the Siva- 

 therium giganteum, the mutilation of the cranium at the 

 vertex was noticed as one of the deficiencies in the specimen 

 from which the description was taken. Although, in conse- 

 quence, deprived of dii'ect evidence on the point, we were led 

 to infer (p. 262), partly from analogy and partly from the 

 form of the portion of the frontal over-arching the temporal 

 fossa, that the Sivatherium had two horns at the back of the 

 head, besides the two infra-orbital horns presented by the 

 specimen — that the animal was, in short, a huge four-horned 

 ruminant. A superb specimen lately discovered by Col. Colvin 

 has put the matter at rest and entirely confirmed our infer- 

 ence. Besides, these rear horns, by their form, constitute 

 one of the most remarkable characters about the fossil. 



The fossil consists of the posterior half of the head broken 

 obliquely off behind the orbits. The right anterior horn is 

 present, the left one has been removed by the oblique direc- 

 tion of the fracture, which stretches back so as to include 

 part of the base of the left rear horn. The bases or pedicles 

 of both the back horns are present, and the right one to some 

 extent. The occij)ital is almost entire, and its ridges and de- 

 pressions are well marked, and the condyles entire. 



The frontal, as in the bovine genera, runs back so as to 

 meet the occipital plane, sloping only a little behind the rear 

 horns. As in the Bovines, the parietals are not distinguish- 

 able from the occipitals with which they are anchylosed. The 

 general plane of the occipital descends vertically as in the 

 Bovines, from its intersection with the frontals. The condyles 

 project obliqiiely outwards from the plane of the occipital 

 more than in the Bovidce, Cervidce, or Gapridw. The occipital 

 is much broader for its height than in any of these, the one 

 dimension being nearly double that of the other. The middle 

 of the plane of the bone is occupied by a deep hollow as de- 

 scribed at page 252, triangular downwards. The occipital 

 crest runs in a double arch, as in the Antilope cervicapra, 

 the commissure of the arcs descending by a peak into the 



' Now for tlie first time published. — [Ed.] 



