270 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



[This si^ecimen is in British Museiun, ISTo. 39,528, and is 

 figured in an unpublished plate of F.A.S. (B. 3). — Ed,] 



Sternum. — The sternum agrees very nearly in form with 

 that of Bos urus (British Museum skeleton). It is very deep 

 and narrow on the upper or pectoral surface and rather broad 

 on the inferior surface. It also widens behind and has the 

 same pointed termination. It shows the five posterior hollow 

 discs for the reception of the cartilages. The anterior keel- 

 shaped portion is broken off. The B. urus shows seven discs 

 for rib cartilages, viz. the six anterior for separate cartilages, 

 and the last, or seventh, for the confluent cartilages of the 

 posterior ribs. The sternum of buffalo is very broad and flat, 

 and so is that of the deer ; that of Bos urus alone resembling 

 Sivatherium, but from B. urus, as well as from all other 

 ruminants, the Sivatherium sternum differs in its complete 

 ossification. 



[The sternum referred to is in British Museum, and is 

 figured in an unpublished plate of F.A.S. (C. 1.) See also 

 Plate XXI. fig. 5.— Ed.] 



Scapula. — A portion of the left scapida most resembles that 

 of the camel. The spine is very near the anterior margin, 

 and sufficiently perpendicular to the surface of the scapula, 

 but the acromion process is less prominent than in the camel. 



[See descrij)tion of F.A.S, Plate C, figs. 2 and 3. — Ed.] 



Humerus. — The deltoid crest is as prominent as in the 

 horse. The tuberosities at the upper end rise less above the 

 bicipital canal than in most ruminants. The greater tuber- 

 osity is deeply indented by a fiu-row through which the second 

 head of the biceps passes. In the camel the external furrow 

 or canal which is the deepest is also the narrowest, whereas 

 in the Sivatherium the external furrow is broader than the 

 internal. The lower end of the bone is broad, and has three 

 well-marked ridges, of which the inner is broad and fiat. Pos- 

 teriorly the condyles are prominent and have a deep cavity 

 between them, rather less narrow than in the camel. There 

 is no hole in it. The tuberosities above the lower articula- 

 ting surfaces are very prominent. The extreme transverse 

 diameter of the lower end of a very large specimen is 7*8, 

 whereas the transverse diameter at the middle of the articu- 

 lating surfaces is only 6'5. 



[See description of F.A.S. Plate C, figs. 4 and 5. — Ed.] 



Bone of Forearm. — The forearm presents a sort of transition 

 from the Rumuiants to the Pachyderms. In the latter the 

 ulna is generally separate from the radius, but in the rumi- 

 nants the two bones are united throughout their length, and 

 are only distinctly visible at their extremities. In the Siva- 

 therium, as in the horse, a furrow runs throughout the whole 



