272 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



shortness of the neck. The articulating head is semi-cylin- 

 drical, instead of being spherical, as in the camel. The 

 transverse diameter of the head is more than twice as long 

 as the neck ; in the camel they are about equal. The great 

 trochanter is much larger than in the camel, but not so large 

 as in the buffalo. At the inferior extremity the inner side 

 is longer than the other. This end much resembles the 

 corresponding part of horse. On the articulatmg surface there 

 is a small ridge between the lower part of the pulley and the 

 inter-condyloid fossa, which is not found in the camel. The 

 oval cavity situated between the external condjle and the ex- 

 ternal border of the pulley is well circumscribed in the camel ; 

 but its direction, instead of being exactly transverse, as in 

 camel, slants from behind forwards and outwards. At the lower 

 part of the shaft, on the posterior external angle, is a depression 

 about the same as in the buffalo. This depression does not 

 exist in the camel, and is much more marked in the horse. 



[See description of Plate D., figs. 1, 2, 3, and 4, in P.A.S. 

 —Ed.] 



Tibia. — The two depressions on the upper end are deeper 

 than in the camel, and the anterior tuberosity rises higher 

 towards the articulation. The lower end is rectangidar, the 

 transverse diameter being half as large again as the antero- 

 posterior. The notch on the outer side is small and more in 

 front than in the camel, the articulating surface for the 

 fibula is also less developed. The posterior and inner angle 

 of the shaft near the lower end has a well-marked groove, 

 about two inches in length ; in the camel this furrow is 

 scarcely visible. 



[See description of Plate D., figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, in F.A.S. 

 —Ed.] 



Tarsus. — The calcaneum is very similar to that of the buffalo. 

 The heel is more compressed laterally. The superior angle 

 is more acute. The astragalus is intermediate in form between 

 that of the camel and that of the buffalo, but much nearer 

 the latter. The anterior part of its lower surface does not 

 present the deep transverse depression seen in the camel. 

 The tarsus has biit four separate bones, as is the case with 

 ruminants, except the camel, the scaphoid being united to the 

 cuboid. The superior articulating surface of this compound 

 bone has three cavities, and differs from the buffalo in the 

 circumstance that the middle depression is not separated by 

 a well-marked depression, from a fourth small articulating 

 surface on the vertical surface. The cuneiform has not been 

 found. 



[See description of Plate D., figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13, in 

 r.A.S.— Ed.] 



