282 



FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



the broAV, and start outwards and upwards, but curve forwards towards 

 their tijD. The plane of the frontal is flat to between the commence- 

 ment of the horns, and then descends in a sudden curve between the 

 horn- cores, to meet the plane of the occipital at an obtuse angle. The 

 occipital crest is very prominent ; orbital rim also prominent, the lachry- 

 mal bones present rough tuberosities at the orbital margin, as in the 

 bovine group ; there is also no lachrymal fissure ; the two supra-orbital 

 foramina very large. The nasals are received into an angular fissure 

 of the frontals, their apices ascending nearly to a line with the anterior 

 border of the orbit. The orbits differ in a remarkable manner from 

 those of the ordinary bovine ruminants, in having their greatest 

 diameter in the vertical direction, instead of antero-posteriorly. Between 

 the supra-orbital foramina there is a raised portion of the surface of 

 the frontal of a horse-shoe shape, about a Hne in thickness, and with a 

 rugous fimbriated margin about two inches in breadth, the sinus at the 

 posterior part passing gradually into the surface of the frontal. This 

 rugous disc is unknown in other ruminants. The maxillaries contract 

 abruptly in front of the orbits ; their tuberosities are very prominent. 



Teeth. — The three posterior molars on the left side are weU worn, 

 showing the animal to have been fully adult, and a large accessory 

 pillar, narrow and compressed, but of considerable depth, is seen in the 

 sinus between the two barrels of each molar on its inner side, as in the 

 bovine ru.miuants. The palate is broad. 



Dimensions. 



Inches 



12-6 



8-6 



7-7 



Teetli from occipital condyles to commeneement of diastema 

 Ditto from summit of occipital crests to apex of nasals 

 Width at posterior margin of orbits 

 Ditto at anterior ditto ...... 



Constriction of maxillaries in front of orbits . 

 Ditto of frontals behind orbits .... 



From base of occipital to summit of occipital crest . 

 Width of occipital region measured at the pars petrosa 

 Height from surface of palate to frontal . 

 Width between outer border of condyles. 

 Distance between occipital crest and base of horn . 

 Length of temporal fossa ..... 



Interval between base of horns .... 



Height from palate to broken extremity of nasals . 



Length of contraction between base of horn and posterior margin 



of orbit 



Vertical diameter of left orbit .... 



Antero-posterior diameter of left orbit . 



Vertical diameter right orbit ..... 



Antero-posterior ditto ...... 



Length of hne of molars (5) right side . 



Greatest width of palate ..... 



Length of left horn-core fragment .... 



Antero-posterior diameter at base .... 



Thickness of ditto at ditto ..... 



Antero-posterior diameter near broken tip 

 Transverse ditto 



The dimensions of the two orbits differ a little 

 crushing on the right side. The principal distinct: 

 The occipital not rising above the occipital crest. 2. The great 

 narrowness of the parietal region betAveen base of horn and occipital 

 crest. 3. The close approximation of the liorn-cores. 4. The short 



5-5 



6-9 



6-1 



8-5 



7- 



3-8 



11 



5-5 



2- 



4-5 



1-9 

 2-7 

 1-9 

 3- 

 2- 

 4-9 

 3-3 

 9- 

 5- 

 3- 

 3-4 

 2-7 

 consequence 

 ve marks are : 



of 

 1. 



