298 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



II. — SuB-HlMALATAN FoSSIL EeMAINS OF THE DaDOOPOOK 



Collection.^ 



BY LIEUTS. W. E. EAKER AND H. M. DURAND. 

 QUADRUMANA. 



LyeU, wlien combating the inconclusive evidence advanced 

 in support of the theory of the progressive development of 

 organic life, notices the absence of remains of quadrumanous 

 species in a fossil state, and the hypothesis which this cir- 

 cumstance has by some geologists been considered to counte- 

 nance. He, however, draws attention to the fact, that the 

 animals which are found in sub-aqueous deposits are in 

 general such as frequent marshes, rivers, or the borders of 

 lakes, and that such as live in trees are very rarely discovered ; 

 he adds, moreover, that considerable progress must be made 

 in ascertaining the contemporary pachydermata, before it can 

 be anticipated that skeletons of the quadrumanous tribes 

 should occur. Considering the great number of relics assign- 

 able to the Pachydermata, Rtiminantia, and Feroe, which the 

 Sub -Himalayan field has produced, it is not therefore surpris- 

 ing that at length the half jaw of a quadrumanous animal 

 should be brought to light. The circumstance being inter- 

 esting in several resj)ects, we have not deferred its com- 

 munication until further research should put us in possession 

 of more perfect specimens ; the chances are against the pro- 

 bability of more being brought in for some time. In the 

 interval it may be as weU at once to add to the Sub-Himalayan 

 list of fossils one species belonging to the order of the Quad- 

 rwmana. 



The specimen in question was found in the hills near to the 

 Sutlej, and it appears from the attached matrix to have been 

 derived from a stratum very similar in composition to the one 

 described as occurrmg at the Moginund deposit. The frag- 

 ment consists of the right half of an upper jaw ; the molars 

 as to number are complete ; but the first has lost some of its 

 exterior enamel : and the fifth has likewise had a portion of 

 the enamel from its hind side chipped off. The second and 

 third molars are a good deal worn, and the state of the fourth 

 and fifth such as to indicate that the animal was perfectly 

 adult. The canine is small, but much mutilated, its insertion 

 into the jaw and its section being all that is distinct. 



' Epprintecl from the 'Journal of tlie Asiatic Society' for Nov. 1836. toL t. 

 p. 739.— [Ed.] 



