QUADRUMAXA. 



301 



penultimate molar. The two middle incisors are present, and 

 also the left canine broken across at its upper third. The right 

 canine and the lateral incisors had dropt out, leaving only the 

 alveoli. The molars of the left side are destroyed down to the 

 level of the jaw. The right ramus is wanting in more than 

 half its width, together with the articulating and coronoid 

 processes, and a portion of the margin at the angle of the jaw 

 is gone. The specimen is a black fossU, and strongly ferru- 

 ginous ; the specific gravity is about 2-70. It was encased 

 in a matrix of hard sandstone, part of which is still left 

 adhering to it. 



The jaw had belonged to an extremely old animal. The 

 last molar is worn down so as to have lost every trace of its 

 points, and the three teeth in advance of it have been reduced 

 to hoUowed-out discs, encircled by the external plate of 

 enamel. The muscular hollow on the ramus for the insertion 

 of the temporal muscle is very marked, being '35 inches deep 

 with a width of "55. 



The dimensions contrasted vdth those of the Langoor or 

 Semnopithecus entellus and the common Indian monkey or 

 Pithecus rhesus, are as follows : — 



As in all other tribes of animals in which the species are 

 very numerous, and closely allied in organization, it is next 

 to impossible to distinguish an individual species in the 

 Quadrumana from a solitary bone. In the fossil, too, the 

 effects of age have worn off those marks in the teeth, by 

 which an approximation to the subgenus might be made. It 

 very closely resembles the Semnopithecus entellus in form. 



