326 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



is very broad, although an accidental indented fracture on 

 the brow takes off from the measurement. The orbits have 

 considerable obliquity, and large size, the depth from the post- 

 orbital process to the malar margin being 3*1 inches. Their 

 anterior margin only advances to above the posterior surface 

 of the rear molar. The temporal ridges are but slightly 

 marked, and meet at an open angle as in the Ursus spelceus. 

 From their commissure backwards there is scarcely any sink, 

 the sagittal crest starting with great prominence from the 

 parietals. The crest is not complete in its whole length, 

 being broken off obliquely towards the occipital. The parie- 

 tals swell out backwards and downwards. The cranial cavity 

 appears to have expanded much laterally towards the occi- 

 put, which is broken off. The temporal fosste are of great 

 depth and extent; the zygomatic arches on both sides are 

 wanting ; judging from the depth of the temj)oral fossae they 

 must have been of great expanse. The malar apophysis 

 comes off low and is 2J inches in height. The nasals are 

 partly removed by a fissure in the fossil extending across the 

 face. They appear to have been rather long, and the external 

 opening of the nostrils to have been much shorter and less 

 oblique than in the Ursus spelceus. The muzzle is broad and 

 obtuse, being about one-fourth of the length of the head, 

 and a little wider than the inter-orbital portion of the frontal. 

 In this respect it resembles the Ursus lahiatus. The palate 

 is strongly arched both longitudinally and transversely ; the 

 greatest depth from a Ime across the worn molars to its sur- 

 face being 2-3 inches. The horizontal plate of the palatines 

 hardly extends an inch beyond the rear molar, whereas in a 

 head of the Ursus lahiatus, measm-ing a foot in length, it 

 extends more than two inches. The palatuie sinus is also 

 proportionably narrow for the size of head. 



In place of a single sub-orbital foramen there are three 

 distinct foramina, nearly of the same size, placed over each 

 other and a few lines apart (PI. XXYI. fig. 1). They are con- 

 siderably advanced on the jaw, the uppermost being 1'6 inch 

 from the margin of the orbit and placed over the camassier. 

 It is difiicult to say whether this is common to the species, or 

 merely an individual peculiarity. Nothing of the sort is seen 

 upon the heads figured in the ' Ossemens Fossiles.' 



We only know the lower jaw by the fi'agment represented 

 in fig. 3. It consists of the greater part of the body of the 

 right side, broken off where the canine protrudes. It is also 

 deficient in the articulating and coronoid processes. There 

 is, therefore, little to remark about the form. The lower 

 edge has a good deal of curvature backwards, and the outer 



