UESUS (hy^narctos) sivalensis. 



3-'9 



belong to the genus Ursus, but probably to the Subursine group, 

 beg leave to take exception to both inferences. ^ 



We 



II. — Extract from Dr. Falconer's Note-book. 

 (British Museum, Nov. 21, 1857.) 



Made a rough comparison of a huge ursine head from South America, 

 (Bravard, Buenos Ayres) referred to byLartet, with the Hycenarctos of 

 the Sewahk hills. 



Upper Dentition. — All the teeth on their alveoli present on both 

 sides, and the number exactly identical with that of the Hycenarctos 

 Sivalensis. 



1. A small premolar, touching the canine, is present on the right side. 



2. A two-fanged premolar, the alveoli only remaining on both sides. 



3. A tooth resembling in general form the third of Hycenarctos, but 

 more worn and broader for the length. Instead of presenting three ex- 

 terior cusps, the flat summit, which is much worn, only shows the discs, 

 which are confluent, of two lobes, the anterior small cusp, which is so well 

 defined in Hgcenarctos, being wanting ; but there is the great agree- 

 ment of a mesial inner cvisp placed opposite the transverse axis, as 

 in Hycenarctos. Its worn disc is confluent with that of the outer ciisj^s. 



4. A square molar, consisting of two outer and two inner cusps, the 

 outer pair having the discs confluent, and also the inner. It is more 

 moderate in form than the Sewalik tooth. This foiu:th resembles in 

 form the last oi Hycenarctos. 



5. A last molar, as in Hycenarctos, which, instead of being quadrate, 

 has the inner posterior discous surface produced behind, so as to make 

 the tooth oblong instead of square. The outer line, as in the Sewalik 

 fossil, consists of two tubercles. 



Lower Dentition. — In number, the lower teeth are also the same. 



1. A small one-fanged premolar touching the canine (not seen from 

 fracture in Hycenarctos). 



2. A two-fanged premolar, shown by the alveoli, which are 

 more approximated than in the Sewalik fossil, and are straight fore and 

 aft (upper being diagonally oblique) ; doubtful if one or two. 



3. A premolar, which is rounder, broader, and thicker, as in the 

 upper jaw, than the corresponding tooth of the lower jaw in Hycenarctos ; 

 in the latter, it is three- cusped, but in the American fossil, bi-cusped ; 

 front cusp wanting, middle cusp very large. 



4. A carnassier which, as in the Sewalik form, is the most elongated 

 of all. In the Sewalik specimen the crown is hammered off, so as not 

 to admit of comparison. 



5. A tooth homologous in form to the penultimate of Hycenarctos, 

 but thicker. 



6. A last or tubercular, which is worn down to a roundish disc, as 

 in the Bears, is the smallest of the three, and not much larger than the 

 third premolar. 



This tooth in Hycenarctos is only shown by its alveolus. 



' In an unpiiblisliied plate, however, 

 of tile ' Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis,' ex- 

 ecuted aLout 18i8, the species is de- 



signated Ursus (sub-genus Hycenarctos) 

 Sivalensis. — [Ed.] 



