360 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



yielded these are not larger than existing species of the same 

 genera. The largest remain on record, within our means of 

 knowing, is mentioned by Cuvier,' as a radius of a sea-turtle 

 which indicated an animal with a buckler eight feet long, 

 procured from the quarries near Luneville, of the age of 

 the jurasic limestone. 



In a previous communication^ we intimated our having 

 become possessed of bones of the extremities, with corre- 

 sponding fragments of bucklers, of a Chelonian from the 

 tertiary deposits of the Sewalik hills, as large as the corre- 

 sponding bones of the Indian Rhinoceros. These form the 

 subject of the present notice. 



The most perfect specimen comprises somewhat less than 

 the upper half of the left humerus, and is, so far as it goes, 

 very completely preserved. The articulating head, except 

 where splintered by the chisel, is entire, and so also are the 

 two great crests. The dimensions are: — 



Inches 



1. Extreme length of the fragment . . . . , . 14'4 



2. Greatest diameter from tlie conrexity of the articulating head 



to margin inner tuberosity ....... 9'7 



3. Length of the inner tuberosity, from where it rises from the shaft 



of the bone ......... 10'4 



4. Greatest width of ditto from its outer margin to the border of 



the neck .......... 5'2 



5. Projection of ditto above the level of the articulating head . 2'5 



6. Greatest diameter of articulating head . . . . . 5'1 



7. Transverse ditto between the roots of the crests . , . 4'5 



8. Antero-posterior diameter of the shaft where broken across . 3'1 



9. Transverse ditto ditto ........ 3*5 



10. Width of smaller crest 6-9 



The humerus and femur of the Testudinata are so much 

 alike that it is difficult to distinguish them, except by the 

 lower end. Our specimen we make out to be a humerus, 

 and it is of some importance to ascertain this point in esti- 

 mating the size of the animal : — 1st. From the form of the 

 inter-tubercular hollow, which has a ridge across dividing it 

 into two fossse : this is peculiar to the humerus . 2nd. By 

 the spherical form of the articulating head, which in the 

 femur is oblong. 3rd. By the smaller crest, which runs 

 partly across the direction of the articulating head, exactly 

 as in the humerus of the Emydes. It differs from the humerus 

 of any of the known sub-genera of the family. In the land- 

 tortoises the deltoid crest hardly rises above the level of the 

 articulating head ; and the smaller crest reaches only as high 

 as the inferior level ; the fossil is strongly contrasted in both 

 respects. In Chelys and Trionyx the crests are wide apart, 

 so as in the former to point in opposite directions with the 

 same plane. In the fossil they are approximated, and partly 



' Ossemens Fossiles, torn. v. part ii., I ' On the remain of a fossil Monkey, 

 p. 525. I [See aniea, p. 297. — Ed.] 



