DESCKIPTION OF PLATES. 



427 



Figs 4, 5, and 6. — Elej^has planifrons (Falc. and Cant.), from the 

 Sewalik hills. Portion of cranium with palate containing premolar, 

 third milk, and first or antepenultimate true molar. The left pre- 

 molar consists of three principal ridges and an indistinct front and 

 back ridge. Their direction is so oblique that they point nearly fore 

 and aft. This little tooth is nearly globular in form and is quite 

 untouched by wear. The crown is composed of a number of tubercles 

 irregularly huddled together, somewhat in a botryoidal manner, and 

 presenting no distinct indication of transverse ridges. A hollow filled 

 with matrix is seen on the right side, where the corresponding tooth 

 had dropped out. The third milk molar is very broad, all the six 

 ridges worn, enamel thick. The first true molar is entirely in germ. 

 — B.M. 



Length of premolar, 1-2 in. "Width, 1-1 in. Height of crown, -8 in. Length 

 of third milk molar, 4' in. Width, 2'4: in. Number of ridges 6, with a heel and 

 front ridge. Length of first tnie molar, 5"5 in. Width, 2*7 in. Greatest height 

 at fourth ridge, 3' in. Number of plates 7, with front and back ridges. Interval 

 between third milk molars in front, 2 '3 in. Ditto at niche of palate behind, 

 2-8 in.' 



^ ^ ^ Section of molar showing laminated 



character of cement filling up the valleys. In some sections as many 



Fig. 7. — JElephas insignis. 



the small head, Plate vi. fig. 3, and 

 Plate vii. fig. 1, if anything younger, 

 as only the first ridge is touched by wear. 

 Shows the plates of the second milk molar 

 better than any other. 



Length of second left milk molar, 

 2'6 in. ; width, l'6in. ; has 5 distinct 

 ridges and a heel. Length of third milk 

 molar, 4-1 in. ; width, 2' in. ; has 7 main 

 ridges with a large front ridge and large 

 heel, or 9 good plates. Interval between 

 teeth in front, 1'6 in. ; between last teeth 

 behind, 2'1 in. 



2. Another imperfect head of young 

 E. Hysudricus, of same age as fig. 1 of 

 Plate vi. Has second and third milk 

 molars in use and first true molar in 

 germ. The second milk molar is well 

 worn, the third has the five first plates 

 worn. 



Length of second milk molar, 2'3in. ; 



width, 17 in. ; number of plates 5, and a 



heel. Length of third milk molar, 4'6 in. ; 



twidth, 2"3 in. ; number of plates 8, with 



[front and heel plates in addition. Height 



lof sixth plate, 2"6 in. 



3. Fragment of a very large cranium 

 fcomparatively as regards the age of the 

 Iteeth. Contains the third milk molar 

 land first true molar. The third milk 

 [molar is well worn, with 7 ridges and a 

 I back and front ridge ; the two front ridges 

 (■worn. The tooth is very broad, broader 

 [even than the third milk molar of E. 

 \lplcmifro7is (Plate vi. figs. 4 and .5) ; 

 [the enamel is thin, and finely crimped. 

 {The first true molar is equally remarkable 



in being broad and short and in having 

 few ridges. The first four ridges are 

 touched by wear. It is proved to be E. 

 Hys^idricus by the great size of the nasal 

 opening, and the downward direction of 

 the rami. 



Length of third milk molar, left side, 

 3-8in.; width, 2-6 in. Length of first 

 true molar, 6- in. ; width, 2'6 in. ; number 

 of plates 8, with a large front ridge and 

 a very large heel. Interval between the 

 front teeth on either side, r6 in. ; be- 

 hind at the niche, 2'7 in. Depth of 

 cranium from posterior siirface of molar 

 to brow between the orbits, 13'8 in. 

 Width of brow between middle of orbits, 

 13'6 in. Width of naso-maxillary open- 

 ing, 9'4 in. Width of muzzle at sub- 

 orbital foramen, 10- in. 



' Another valuable specimen of palate 

 of E. planifrons is of same age as that 

 in PL vi. figs. 4, 5, and 6, but is a little 

 further advanced and belonged to a 

 larger animal. The first true molar is 

 an inch longer and is much broader and 

 higher. The points of the plates are 

 few, being about 6 to the fifth and sixth 

 plates. The apices of the plates are 

 somewhat incurved or bent forward. 

 The specimen consists of the back 

 portion of left side of palate. The last 

 ridge of the third milk molar is in front. 



Length of first true molar, 6'5 in. ; 

 greatest width, 3'4 in. ; height at fourth 

 ridge, 3'5 in. ; has 7 principal ridges with 

 front and back ridge. 



