DESCRIPTION OF PLATES, 43a 



posterior extremity the last milk molar ; in front of it the penultimate 

 milk molar (b), nearly worn out, and emerging from below the latter a 

 small vertically succeeding premolar (c). The third or last milk molar 

 has seven main ridges, with a double front heel and a small splent 

 behind ; the four front ridges are worn ; it is broader behind than in 

 front ; the reverse in the upper. — B.M. 



Length of last molar, 4-4 in. Width at second ridge, 1-8 in. Width behind 

 (greatest), 2-4 in. Length of small premolar, 1- in. Width behind, -8 in. ; does 

 not show the ridges. 



Fig. 9. — Elephas planifrons. Shows at c the penultimate premolar. 

 It is considerably smaller in all its dimensions than the antepenulti- 

 mate milk molar (fig. 1 «), drawn to the same scale. It is of a roundish 

 form, and shows no distinct indication of ridge-divisions. It was, 

 therefore, of small importance, functionally, in the economy of the 

 species. 



Figs. 10 and 10 a. — Elephas planifrons. This is an invaluable 

 specimen. Proved by its size and development to be the first true 

 molar, lower jaw, left. Shows seven main ridges and a small ridge in 

 front ; no heel behind, or only a very small one ; is broader behind 

 than in front ; the five first ridges are worn ; enamel very thick with 

 mesial expansion ; few points to the plates ; much cement. The most 

 interesting point is the third premolar {b) in front in situ. The back 

 part of it only seen ; it had not protruded through the jaw. Shows a 

 last plate of three points and a small heel. — B.M. 



Length of fragment of jaw, 8' in. Height to alveolar margin, 5'9 in. ; greatest 

 width, 4-4 in. ; greatest height to crown behind, 6'8 in. Length of the first true 

 molar, 6'7 in. ; width in front, 2-3 in. ; greatest width behind at foiu'th-ridge, 

 2-G in. Length of premolar fragment, 1- in. ; height of crown, 1-5 in. ; width, T in. 



■ Fig. II. — Elephas planifrons. Last premolar (b) vertically divided 

 through the middle, the anterior portion being wanting. Although 

 partly emerged, it is still embedded in the alveolus and intact, while 

 the tooth behind it is well worn. It is of comparatively small size, 

 but presents distinct indications of two transverse ridges terminating in 

 the thick digitations characteristic of the species. This figure refers to 

 the same specimen as fig. 10, but is drawn on a larger scale. 



Figs. 12 and 12 a. — Elephas planifrons. This appears to be the last 

 true molar, lower jaw, right side; has ten main plates, with a front 

 plate and heel; is apparently of a small sized individual; has the 

 enamel straighter in the bend than usual ; ridges low. — B.M. 



Length, 10- in. Width in front, 3-5 in. ; ditto behind, 2-9 in. Height of crown 

 at seventh plate, 4' in. 



Fig. 13. — Elephas planifrons. Lower jaw, left side, with last true 

 molar entire ; crown not figured ; very thick enamel plates reclined ; 

 considerable mesial expansion; points in the back plates few; in the 

 front plates a good deal of crimping ; shows about thirteen ridges and a 

 heel, or possibly fourteen. Resembles very much an un^igured speci- 

 men in H. F.'s collection (See note, page 434, No. 3).^ — B.M. 



Length of molar, 12-7 in. ; width, 3'6 in. ; height at tenth ridge. 4-5 in. 



' The following notes refer to unfigured 

 specimens of Elejjhas planifrons : — 



1. — The most characteristic specimen 

 of this species consisting of the last 



molar, upper jaw, has not been figured. 

 Its measurements are : extreme length, 

 11- in.; width in front at second ridge, 

 3-7 in. ; ditto at eighth ridge, base, 3-8 



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