440 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



.the penultimate are seen. No mentary foramen. Specimen in Geological 

 Society's Museum. (Eeproduced in Plate IX. of vol. ii.) 



Extreme length of jaw, 26' in. Divergence of rami. 24-5 in. Height at alveolus, 

 9-2 in. Height to broken condyle, 16-3 in. Breadth of ascending ramus, 11-5 in. 

 Thickness of jaw, 7' in. Length of anterior molar, 3-9 in. Width, 3- in. Length of 

 last molar, 12- in. Width in front, 3-1 in. Number of plates 18. 



Fig. 5. — Elephas antiqmts. ^ Fragment of lower jaw with first true 

 molar on either side. The number of plates is twelve, with a heel. 

 There is no mentary foramen inside. This specimen formerly belonged 

 to the Earl of Aylesbury, but is now in B.M. ( Vide PI. XIV. A. fig. 7). 



Length of right ramus, 14-5 in. Height, 6'1 in. Length of right molar, 6-7 in. 

 Width, 2-3 in. 



Fig. 6. — Elephas Indicus. Existing Indian Elephant. Specimen from 

 Malacca in IMuseum of Asiatic Society. The jaw contains the last 

 molar on either side. The number of plates is twenty-two or twenty- 

 three, of which the eleven anterior are worn. 



Extreme length of jaw, 19-3 in. Height of condyle, 18'4 in. Breadth of ascend- 

 ing ramus, 9- in. Thickness of jaw, d'2 in. Length of molar, 10-4 in. Width, 2-9 in. 



Fig. 7. — Elephas Hysudricus. Same specimen as figured in PI. VIII. 

 fig 4. The description and measurements have been already given. — 

 B.M. 



Fig. 8. — Elephas Africanus. Young lower jaw with two molars 

 (third milk and first true) on left side, and with first true molar and 

 alveolus of third milk molar, right side. The antepenultimate true 

 molar has seven ridges and a back and fi-ont talon. From Museum of 

 Asiatic Society. 



Plate XIII. B. 



Lower jaws of elephants in profile. The numbers correspond to the 

 eight specimens figured in PI. XIII. A. In these figures, which repre- 

 sent the groups Loxodon and Euelephas, the back of the symphysis is 

 seen to be a prolongation of the inferior margin into which the diastemal 

 ridges descend Avith great obliquity and also to be attenuated towards 

 the apex, to terminate in an obtuse point. 



Fig. 1. — Elephas p)ri7nigenius. Showing three outer mentary 

 foramina. 



Fig. 2. — E. primigenius. With two outer mentary foramina on left 

 side. There were foui* on right side. 



Fig. 3. — E. primigenins. Two outer mentary foramina. 



Fig. 4. — E. antiquus."^ Two outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Fig. 5. — E. antiqmts.^ Three outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Fig. 6. — E. Indicus. Five outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Fig. 7. — E. Hysudricus. One small outer mentary on left side. 

 (See also PI. VIII. fig. 4.) 



Fig. 8. — E. Africanus. Three outer mentary foramina on left side. 



Plate XIV. 

 Figs. 1, 1 a, and 1 i. — Elephas antiqtms.^ Second milk molar, lower 

 jaw, left side, with six ridges and a front and back heel, from Grays, in 



Essex B.M. 



Length, 2-4 in. Width, 1-3 in. 



' Misnamed ' Elephas meridionalis' in I ' See note 1. 

 Plate. See notes pages 438 and 443. | * See note 1. 

 " See last note. 



