446 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS, 



the plates are ground down low. The side view, fig. 8 a, exhibits the 

 thickness of the enamel. This specimen is too mutilated to fix its serial 

 position with confidence. It is heavy and dark from iron impregnation, 

 and corresponds with the fragments from Mundesley and Happisburgh 

 Norwich Museum, No. 18. 



Figs. 9 and 9 a. — Elephas meridionalis. The posterior two-thirds of 

 the crown of a lower molar of the right side. It is inferred to be a 

 penultimate, but without certainty, and may be the last true molar. 

 The crown shows six well-worn discs and a posterior talon ; there are 

 no fangs ; the enamel is very thick, with large rings to the digitations ; 

 the discs are somewhat angularly expanded, and separated by wide 

 interspaces of cement. This is best shown by the side view, fig. 9 a. 

 From being worn low down, the plates exhibit a greater tendency to 

 crimping than is usual. The ppecimen is dark and heavy, and bears 

 fresh patches of marine incrustation. It is one of Woodward's specimens, 

 probably from the ' Oyster-ted ' (Norwich Museum, No. 14). The 

 dimensions are : — 



Length, 5' 3 in. Width of crown at second ridge, 3'2 in. Width of crown at 

 fourth ridge, 3-1 in. 



This is a characteristic fragment of E. meridionalis. 



Figs. 10 and 10 a. — Elephas meridionalis. A specimen in Dr. 

 Buckland's collection from the Val d'Arno. It is figured to demonstrate 

 how exactly the English specimens agree with the Italian form, as may 

 be seen by comparing figs. 8 and 9 -with fig. 10. The fragment of 

 lower jaw, although mutilated, shows well the long symphysis, and the 

 gradual inclination of the diasteme into the beak. — B.M. 



Figs. 11 and 11 a. — Elephas meridionalis. The posterior portion of 

 a last lower molar of the right side, including six discs of wear and the 

 back talon. The discs are broad, the interspaces of cement the same, 

 and the enamel plates are very thick, with deep external vertical 

 channelling, but without crimping. The specimen is black, heavy, and 

 bears patches of marine incrustation, indicative of its having been 

 procured from the ' Oyster-bed.' From Woodward's collection (Norwich 

 Museum). The dimensions are : — 



Length, 5-6 in. Width of crown in front, 2-8 in. Width of crown behind, 

 3-1 in. 



This is also a characteristic specimen of E. meridionalis. 



Fig-s. 12 and 12 a. — Elejjhas meridionalis. A very notable fi-agment 

 of the posterior end of a last lower molar, comprising two discs of wear 

 and a talon. The crown is ground down low, the interspaces of cement 

 are very wide, and the annular discs of the digitations are so thick as 

 to approach the character of the Avorn ridges of some of the Stegodons. 

 The dimensions are : — 



Length of the fragment, 27 in. Width of crown, 4-2 in. 



A solitary digitation is situated at the outer side of one of the valleys. 

 It bears the appearance of a Mundesley specimen. 



Figs. 13 and 13 a. — Elephas meridionalis. A mutilated fragment of 

 a very old upper molar, formerly in the collection of the late Dr. 

 Man tell, and now in the collection of the British Museum (Old 

 Paljeontol. Cat. No. 7,456), comprising the remains often discs of wear, 

 ground down nearly to their common base. The central discs exhibit 

 a certain amount of open crimping. The specimen is also remarkable 



