U6 FAUNA ANTIQUA SIVALENSIS. 



Length of back molar, 9'7 in. Width, 3'8 in. Width of palate iu front, 2- in. 

 Width behind, 2-8 in. 



Figs. 2, 2 a, and 2 b. — Elephas insignis. Small broken head. This 

 is a very remarkable specimen. The teeth, although small, are assuredly 

 the first and second true molars. The front tooth has six ridges and a 

 heel ; the penultimate has only seven ridges and a large heel, with a 

 distinct talon in front ; all the ridges of the front tooth worn ; very 

 little cement ; plates deep. The tusks, if any, have dropped out ; two 

 large sub-orbitary foramina. — B.M. 



Extreme length of skxill, IS' in. Length of incisives, 15'8 in. Width between 

 orbits measured to lachrymal tubercle, 7'8 in. Contraction of muzzle at suborbi- 

 taries, 11'9 in. Width of muzzle at tip, 9-2 in. Width between outer surfaces of 

 maxillaries at the back molar (beginning), 8'4 in. Length from diastema to tip of 

 tusk-sheaths, 9'3 in. Depth from pterygoid to front, 14'7 in. Length of anterior 

 molar, 4"9 in. Width, 2'7 in. Width of palate between front molars anteriorly, 

 1'5 in. Ditto behind, 22 in. Length of penultimate molar, 7''! in. Width, 

 3- in. 



Figs. 3 and 3 a. — E. insignis. Lower jaw, with first and second 

 true molars. Five ridges remaining of front molar ; other molar has 

 twelve main ridges and a heel. Besides the characters shown in the 

 figure, the diastemal portion is very much flattened in front of the an- 

 terior molar. This remarkable specimen is in the Museum of the Col- 

 lege of Surgeons ; the drawing is taken from a cast. 



Extreme length of fragment of jaw, 24' in. Height to alveolus, 9' in. Width 

 of jaw in front, 4'8 in. Width behind, 7'5 in. Length of ascending ramus, 12-8 

 in. Length of front molar, 5" in. Width, 3'5 in. Length of last molar, ITS in. 

 Width, 4- in. 



Figs. 4 and 4 a. — Elephas Namadicus (Falc. and Caut.). From the 

 Nerbudda. Small head with two molars in situ ; one worn, but the back 

 one in germ ; probably the first and second true molars. The right 

 tusk is present ; is very large for size of head ; is nearly circular in 

 outline, and diverges greatly in front. The tusk-sheaths are long, as in 

 E. Indicus and E. primigenius. The brow -ridge, &c., are exactly as 

 in the large head of E. Namadicus (Plate XII. A.). The space between 

 the tusk-sheaths is very shallow, as in E. planifrons. Is probably a 

 young male head. — B.M. 



Extreme length from broken occiput to broken incisive, 29' in. From groove of 

 brow to tip of nasals, 6'1 in. Across nasal opening, 12'.5 in. Height of nasal 

 opening at sides, 3'6 in. Width of muzzle (incisive sheaths) at orbital foramen, 

 13' in. From top of incisive sheath at fissure to diasteme, 9-8 in. Antero-poste- 

 rior diameter of left orbit, 5'9 in. Transverse diameter of right tusk, 3-6 in. ; ver- 

 tical, nearly the same. Width of palate in front, 1-6 in. Width of palate behind, 

 2-7 in. Width of front tooth, 2-6 in. 



Plate XXV. 



Figs. 1 and 1 a. — Elepihas Ganesa. Lower jaw, with last lower 

 molar. Shows two mentary foramina on either side ; is very sharp in 



last tooth has ten ridges, or nine and a 

 large heel ; only the two front ridges 

 are worn ; the tooth is very convex from 

 back to front, and the ridges are very 

 high and convex across, with a large 

 quantity of cement. Looks very like (!) 

 the E. bombifrons fragment, PI. xxix. 

 ^g. 4. ■ 



Length of anterior molar, 4'5 in. 

 Width, 4' in. Length of last molar (very 

 much curved), 10-4 in. Greatest width, 

 3-9 in. Interval between front teeth, 

 r9 in. Interval behind at niche of 

 palate, 4'5 in. 



