DESCRIPTION OF PLATES. 



477 



15 a. — Elephas insignis, old (Indian collection, see Plate XV.). 

 15 b. — FAephas insignis (Indian collection, see Plate XVII., fig 1). 

 15 c. — Elephas insignis, youna; (Indian collection, see Plate XVIII. 

 fig. 3). 



IV. LOXODONTES. 



16. — Elephas planifrons (Indian collection, see Plate IX.). 

 17. — Elephas Africanus (recent head). 

 18. — Elephas priscus (not figured). 



V. Elasmodontes.' 



19. — Elephas meridionalis ^ (after Nesti). 



20 a. — Elephas Hysudricus (Indian collection, see Plate IV.). 

 20 b. — Elephas Hysudricus, yoimg (Indian collection, see Plate 

 VI.). 



21. — Elephas antiquus^ (not figured). 



22. — Elephas Naniadicus (Indian collection, see Plate XII. A.). 



23 a. — Elephas Indicus * (Dauntela var.). 



' The designation of Elasmodus having 

 been preoccupied by Sir Philip Egerton 

 for a series of fossil fish, Dr. F., in 1867 

 substituted the term Euelephas for 

 Elasniodon. 



" This is erroneously designated E. 

 antiqims in the plate (see note, page 443). 

 The illustration is taken from Nesti's 

 figure. The skull is nearly perfect in 

 the frontal and occipital regions, con- 

 dyles, niaxillaries, and molars, but im 



4 



perfect in the facial portion, the border 

 of the nasal opening being broken, to- 

 gether with the terminal portion of the 

 incisive alveoli and zygomatic arches. 

 The line formed by the posterior border 

 of the vertex is transverse, the fossa 

 being overarched by a produced fold of 

 the vertex. 



' Elephas meridionalis in Plate (see 

 note, page 443). 



Comparison between Mukna and Dauntela varieties of Elephas Indicus. 



Mukna (big head). Dauntela. 



Extreme length of cranium 

 Width between zygomatics 



Ditto post-orbitarj' processes 



Length from niche of occiput to tips of nasals 

 Greatest width of occiput . 

 Width of nasal opening 

 Depth of ditto .... 

 Width of tusk-sheaths 

 Narrow width of brow 

 Depth of orbit .... 

 Height from condyles to occiput . 

 Across condyles .... 

 From condyles to tip of tusk- sheath 

 From ditto to anterior margin of molar alveolus 

 From anterior margin occipital hole to posterior 



border palate .... 

 Length of palate 

 Depth of head from condyles to frontal surface at 



middle, opposite nasal opening 

 Height from diastemal surface to bulge of occiput 

 Length of condyloid surface ... 



From ear-hole to top of occiput . 

 Length of anterior tooth, upper jaw 

 Width ditto ditto 



Number of plates, about ten 



Inches 

 40-5 

 29-5 

 22-5 

 22-0 

 31-0 

 14'0 



5-75 

 14-25 

 13-5 



6-5 

 22-25 



8-75 

 33-0 

 22-5 



12-0 

 8-0 



23-5 

 30-75 



6-6 

 190 



8-37' 



3-5 



Inches 

 41-5 

 29-75 

 24-0 

 21-0 

 30-5 

 15-0 



5-75 

 17-5 

 13-25 



6-5 

 220 



8-5 

 35-25 

 22-25 



11-5 

 9-5 



23-5 

 31-25 

 6-25 

 19-0 



dropped out 



