MASTODON ARVERNENSIS. 27 



d'Amo in a marine stratum, along with the skeleton of a 

 Whale. It is now laid out in the Museum at Florence, 

 together with numerous other bones of the same species. 

 From the Miocene sands of Eppelsheim, Kaup disinterred 

 the upper and lower jaws, with an immense quantity of 

 molars, showing the entire dental series, milk and adult, 

 besides various other portions of the skeleton, of M. (Tetralo- 

 phoclon) longirostris. The materials are therefore so abundant 

 now, that it is in a measure easy to institute a comparison, 

 more or less rigorous, between the three species. 



But as regards the English remains of Mastodon, it is quite 

 the reverse. Only solitary teeth detached from the jaws, or 

 part of a mutilated young cranium, have hitherto been de- 

 scribed, and the teeth in most cases are mutilated. The 

 beautiful vignette which heads the chapter upon Mastodon 

 angustidens in the - British Fossil Mammalia ' would convey a 

 very exaggerated notion of the English remains as they are 

 ordinarily met with, but that the author takes care to apprize 

 his readers that it is derived from Kaup's figure of the 

 Eppelsheim species. No good specimen of the lower jaw, so 

 far as I am aware, has yet been found in Britain ; nor have 

 any of the large bones of the extremities been identified, 

 although it is more than probable that such do exist in the 

 numerous collections which have been formed in Norfolk and 

 Suffolk. The pieces are usually more or less mutilated ; and 

 it is clear tbat the bones have been broken up before the 

 fragments were deposited in the strata where they are now 

 found. Nothing approaching the remains of a perfect skele- 

 ton has been seen in any one locality, with the exception of 

 the notable case recorded by the Rev. J. Layton, in which the 

 entire skeleton of a Mastodon is stated to have been found 

 lying on its side, stretched out between the chalk and gravel, 

 at Horstead near Norwich, on a bed of marl. The bones in 

 this instance were heedlessly broken up by the workmen, or 

 dispersed before any steps could be taken for their pre- 

 servation. 1 



The molars or other fragments occur scattered and 

 detached. Prof. Owen mentions a well-preserved atlas of 

 (apparently) Mastodon angustidens as being preserved in the 

 Ipswich Museum. 2 Mastodon molars have been found both 

 in the Bed Crag of Suffolk and in the Fluvio-marine Crag of 

 Norfolk and Suffolk ; in the former at Sutton and Felixstow — 

 in the latter at Postwick, Whitlingham, Thorpe, Horstead, 

 and Bramerton near Norwich, and at Easton near Southwold. 

 Mr. Charlesworth, in reference to their supposed raity. 



1 Fairholme's ' Geology of the Scrip- I 2 Quart. Joum. Geol. Soc. vol. xii. 

 turcs,' p. 281. p. 223. 



