46 BRITISH AND EUROPEAN FOSSIL MASTODONS. 



In the Upper freshwater Molasse of Switzerland, M. (Tri- 

 lophodon) angustidens occurs along with M. (Triloph.) Tapir- 

 o'ides (which has been named Mastodon Turicensis, as a dis- 

 tinct species, by Schinz and Yon Meyer), Aceratherium incisi- 

 vum, Acerather. Goldfussi, Dinotherium giganteum, Lophiochce- 

 rus Blainvillii, a species of Tapir, Palwomeryx and other 

 Ruminants, &c, with several species of Chelonians. 



M. (Tetralophodon) longirostris occurs abundantly in the 

 sands of Eppelsheim, associated with Dinotherium giganteum, 

 Chalicotherium Goldfussi, Rhinoceros Schleiermacheri, Acera- 

 therium incisivum, Acerath. Goldfussi, Macrotherium giganteum, 

 Hippotherium gracile, and species of Dorcatherium, Machairo- 

 dus, Amphicyon, &c. 



The agreement in so many remarkable generic and specific 

 mammalian forms leaves little room for doubt that the 

 Eppelsheim sands and the lacustrine deposits of the Garonne 

 and other parts of Prance are of the same Miocene age. But 

 there are some notable peculiarities in the Eppelsheim fauna. 

 ]STo well-marked specimen, so far as I am aware, of If. (Tetra- 

 lophodon) longirostris, as here defined, has hitherto been met 

 with beyond the limited area of the Eppelsheim sands, and 

 probably the valley of the Danube; nor has either M. (Trilo- 

 phodon) angustidens or M. (Triloph.) Tapir o'ides — which usually 

 go together — been discovered within it. It is very improbable 

 that the range of this species shoiud have been confined to a 

 small district in the Valley of the Rhine ; but the fact is un- 

 doubted, that it occurs there in great abundance, and has 

 either not yet been found, or is very rare, elsewhere. The 

 only exception out of Germany, with which I am acquainted, 

 is a specimen of unknown origin in the Museum of the 

 Faculty of Sciences at Toulouse, which, on the indication of 

 M. Lartet, I was enabled to examine by the kindness of M. 

 Leymerie. It consists of an upper right maxillary containing 

 the penultimate and last molars in situ. They present all the 

 characters of if. (Tetralophodon) longirostris, as distinguished 

 from M. (Tetraloph.) angustidens. M. Leymerie informed me 

 that the specimen is supposed to have been found either in 

 Gascony or Languedoc, but that there was no record of the 

 exact locality. It is not improbable that another exception 

 is formed by the specimens mentioned by Cuvier (Oss. Poss. 

 additions, 4to edit. torn. iii. p. 318) as having been discovered 

 by M. Lourteau at Sairac in the Sub-Pyrenees. Two of the 

 molars are described as having the Tetralophodon character 

 of four ridges ; but, no figures having been given, the details 

 are not sufficiently precise or exact to admit of any decided 

 opinion upon the subject. 



A satisfactory geological limitation of the Eppelsheim 



