GEOLOGICAL AGE OP MAST. ARVERNENSIS. 49 



Miocene lacustrine beds of the Limagne : 1 st, a Mastozoic, or 

 Pliocene fauna, characterized by -the presence of species of 

 Mastodon and the absence of Elephants, Horse, and Hippo- 

 potamus ; 2nd, an Elephantine fauna, comprising these genera ; 

 and 3rd, a Diluvian fauna, in which Elephants and Rhinoceros, 

 &c. are wanting. 1 Pomel, on the other hand, in his last de- 

 tailed memoir, has attempted to distinguish after the Miocene 

 lacustrine deposits of the Limagne ; 1st, a Pliocene fauna, 

 characterized by two species of Mastodon, a Rhinoceros, Sus, 

 Tapir, and twelve or fourteen species of Cervus, but no Ele- 

 phants ; 2nd, an alluvial fauna, which he divides into two 

 distinct series of different ages : the one more ancient, com- 

 prising Elephas meridionalis, Rhinoceros leptorhinus and 

 Rhinoc. Aymardi, Hippopotamus major, Tapirus elegans, Ursus 

 speloeus, Bos priscus, Megantereon latidens, and two species of 

 Deer, &c. ; the other, more modern, consisting of Eleph. 

 primigenius, E. priscus, Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Hyama spel&a, 

 Cervus Guettardi, &c. 2 But there are grave objections to both 

 these arrangements, inasmuch as the association of the 

 species does not correspond with what holds elsewhere in the 

 Pliocene and Post-Pliocene deposits of Italy, England, and 

 Germany, which are free from the volcanic intrusions that 

 have overwhelmed and confused the deposits of Auvergne. 

 It suffices for my purpose on the present occasion, to state 

 that, where M. {Tetralophodon) Arvernensis occurs in Auvergne 

 and the Velay, the same species are met with in different 

 localities as are found t6gether in the same Pliocene stratum 

 in the plains of Piedmont and Lombardy, namely, M. {Trilo- 

 phodon) Borsoni, Rhinoceros leptorhinus, 3 Hippopotamus major, 

 and the Elephants called E. (Loxodon) meridionalis and E. 

 (Loxodon) priscus ('?), with species of Tapirus, Sus, Cervus, &c. 

 The numerical agreement of the Auvergne fossil species with 

 those which occur in the richer fauna of the Val d'Arno is 

 still more considerable. But it is, at the same time, to be 

 remarked, that at the late Meeting of the ' Congres Scienti- 

 fique ' of Prance, held at Puy in Sept. 1855, MM. Croizet, 

 Aymard, and Pichot 4 were agreed that the Mastodon re- 

 mains in the Velay and Auvergne were of an older age than 

 the beds containing Elephant remains. 



Mastodon of the Crag. — I shall now pass under review the 

 circumstances under which M. {Tetralophodon) Arvernensis 

 occurs in British strata. 



1 Bravard, cited by Pomel, 'Bullet, de ec Deseript, &c. 1854, pp. 172-184. 

 la Soc. Geol. de Prance,' 2e ser. torn. iii. I s Written in 1856. — [Ed.] 



p. 178 et seq. * Congres Scientifique de France, 1855, 



2 Pomel, loc.cit. and Catalog. Method. | torn. i. p. 325. 

 VOL. II. E 



