E. (LOXODON) PRISCUS. 99 



Rev. John Gunn, of Irstead, who has liberally placed this 

 specimen, with many others, at my disposal for description. 1 

 It is a rolled and mutilated fragment, comprising the sym- 

 physis and anterior part of both rami, the beak-apophysis 

 being entirely rubbed off. A single molar is present on the 

 left side ; none on the right, which is very mutilated. 



The tooth, which is inferred to be the penultimate true 

 molar, presents the crown nearly entire and well worn. Its 

 length is determined by the anterior and posterior fangs, 

 which are exposed. The front talon, together with a portion 

 of the first principal ridge, supported upon the anterior fang, 

 are partially broken. The crown exhibits the discs of the 

 seven posterior ridges and part of the first, indicating in all 

 eight main ridges. There is no posterior talon, the last ridge 

 descending continuously, for insertion upon the fang. The 

 crown is very narrow in front, and expands gradually as far 

 as the sixth ridge. The discs of wear are broad, with a 

 mesial angular expansion as in the African Elephant ; but at 

 the same time they exhibit a very pronounced crescentic 

 outline, the horns or lateral terminations being much more 

 bent forwards than in the specimen from Grays Thurrock. 

 The general contour of the anterior enamel-plate of each 

 disc is markedly concave, and the posterior one convex. The 

 mesial expansion of the third disc, measured between the 

 outer surfaces of the enamel, is exactly f ths of an inch. The 

 discs are uniform in shape, from the first to the last, the 

 difference between them depending solely upon the greater 

 or less amount of wear. The projecting edge of enamel is 

 irregularly crimped, and to a much more obvious degree than 

 in the Grays Thurrock specimen. In this respect it ap- 

 proaches more nearly the character of E. (Euelephas) antiquus, 

 to be described in the sequel. (PL VII. figs. 3 & 4.) 



The principal dimensions of this fragment are — 



Vertical height of the ramus, measured from the lower margin to the summit of 

 the first ridge of molar, 9 - l in. Length of the molar crown (part wanting in 

 front), 6 - 7 in. Width of crown at the second disc, 1-9 in. Width of crown at the 

 fourth disc, 2-4 in. Width of crown at the sixth disc, 2-6 in. Height of the 

 seventh ridge, ahout 3-0 in. Mesial expansion of the second disc of wear, 0'75in. 

 Mesial expansion of the seventh disc of wear, - 7 in. 



In front of the molar there is a well-marked triangular 

 cicatrix, indicating the remains of a nearly filled up fang- 

 cavity, at the anterior angle of which a small portion of an 

 ivory stump is visible. The plane of the cicatrix slopes 

 suddenly downwards upon the diasteme, and the line of the 

 interior margin does not follow the direction of the alveolar 



1 Mr. Gunn kindly forwarded this specimen to me to be figured by Mr. Dinkel. 

 See Plate vii. figs. 3 & 4.— [Ed.] 



H 2 



