E. (loxodon) PKISCUS. 101 



upon this point. The specimen is entirely free from ferru- 

 ginous impregnation. The ivory is white, and adheres freely 

 to the tongue. 



Authentic remains, referable to this obscure form, are so 

 rare in European collections, that it is of importance to make 

 known any specimen calculated to throw light upon it. By 

 the liberal and obliging permission of Dr. Emilio Cornalia, I 

 was enabled to examine minutely a very fine fossil molar, 

 preserved in the Natural History Museum of Milan, which I 

 refer to E. (Loxodon) prisons. This specimen is a last molar 

 of the lower jaw, left side, nearly entire, the only deficiency 

 being in the anterior talon and part of the first ridge borne 

 by the large anterior fang. The crown exhibits twelve 

 principal ridges and a posterior talon, the ten anterior of 

 which are worn down into transverse discs, while the last 

 three are but slightly abraded. All the discs of wear present 

 a broad rhomboidal expansion in the middle, as in the African 

 Elephant, but modified by a crescentic tendency as above 

 described in the fossil molars from Grays Thurrock. The 

 first disc is fractured vertically, and confluent at either side 

 with the second, which is also nearly confluent, from advanced 

 wear, with the third. The fourth disc is very broad (antero- 

 posterior diameter), and exactly corresponds in form with 

 the first disc of the Grays Thurrock specimen, the mesial 

 expansion being *75 of an inch. The outer termination of this 

 disc is bent forwards somewhat like the fourth in that 

 specimen, but more abruptly pronounced. The ivory surface 

 is deeply excavated, so that the enamel edge projects in high 

 relief above it. The fifth and sixth discs are of a similar 

 form ; but, being less worn, they are less expanded. Their 

 eornua are bent forwards on the inner side, with the cres- 

 centic character seen in the fourth, fifth, and sixth discs of 

 the Gray's Thurrock specimen. The anterior enamel-plate 

 of the sixth disc projects very much (to the extent of seven- 

 tenths of an inch) above the contiguous stratum of cement, 

 while the included ivory surface is but slightly depressed. 

 The seventh, eighth, and ninth discs present a corresponding 

 form, getting narrower successively in consequence of being 

 less worn, but each showing more or less of a mesial angular 

 expansion. The tenth ridge is but slightly worn, and the 

 disc is barely continuous across. The eleventh and twelfth 

 ridges show each two distinct discs. The posterior talon 

 shows the tips of two denticles or digitations, like the last 

 ridge of the Grays Thurrock specimen. To the posterior 

 surface of the last there is appended a single thick digitation, 

 which projects backwards in a salient gibbosity, being the 

 converse of what is seen in the re-entering sinus, on the 

 posterior surface of that specimen. 



