E. (loxodon) MERIDIONALS, 111 



Tlie three anterior ones present continuous transverse discs, 

 with thick unplatted enamel, the outer surface of which, 

 where in contact with the cement, shows a crimped edge 

 caused by the section intercepting the superficial grooves. 

 The third disc exhibits a small mesial loop in front. The 

 fourth and fifth ridges show each three distinct transversely 

 oblong discs, with about three digitations to each. The sixth 

 and seventh show five distinct oval or roundish discs. The 

 apex of the eighth ridge is barely touched, the posterior 

 talon being enveloped by cement. The general contour of 

 the crown is a broad oblong. The ridges are separated by 

 wide open intervals, and the enamel-plates are thick. The 

 dimensions of the specimen are : — 



Extreme length of crown, 4'6 in. Width of ditto at first ridge, 2-0 in. Width at 

 seventh ridge, 2'5 in. Height of seventh ridge, barely worn only, 2'0 in. 



From these dimensions, it will be seen that the length of the 

 crown is less than twice the width, and that the width 

 exceeds the height of the seventh ridge ; or, in other words, 

 a broad crown with low ridges, wide discs, and thick enamel. 



b. Upper True Molars. — The antepenultimate (or fourth of 

 the entire series in the order of antero-posterior succession) 

 is presented in situ in a mutilated cranium of a semi-adult 

 and probably female Elephant, which comprises both maxil- 

 laries with two molars in each, and the incisive bone of the 

 left side with the corresponding tusk. The anterior of the 

 molars is the antepenultimate, the crown of which is so far 

 advanced in wear that the anterior ridges are ground down 

 into a common flat disc. There are six distinct discs of as 

 many ridges behind, with a talon. The enamel is very thick, 

 with deep grooving on the exterior surface, but scarcely any 

 plaiting. The digital tips of the little-worn back ridges are 

 thick, well separated, and they yield well-defined rings by 

 abrasion. It is inferred that the crown possessed eight 

 ridges besides the talons. 



A detached left antepenultimate, entire as regards the 

 crown, but without fangs, shows nine ridges with a front 

 and back talon ; the first two ridges are worn, the next 

 intact. It agrees with the specimens above described in the 

 leading characters of well-separated ridges, with thick un- 

 platted enamel, and a low elevation to the plates, the dimen- 

 sions being : — 



Length of crown, 6-2 in. Width of ditto in front, 2-4 in. Height of the third 

 ridge, 3-8 in. Height of the eighth, 3'1 in. 



Another detached antepenultimate shows only eight ridges 

 besides a front and back talon. It has the three first ridges 

 barely touched by wear, showing annular discs. The enamel 

 is very thick and rugous, the digitations are deeply divided 



