138 BEITISH AND EUROPEAN FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 



Figs. 15 and 15 a represent a very remarkable fragment of 

 enormous width. It is worn down close to the base, the 

 grinding-surface being somewhat convex from front to rear. 

 The remains' of seven discs of wear are visible. They are 

 irregularly expanded, and the surrounding plates of enamel 

 are thick and deeply channelled on the outer surface, but 

 with only a very slight amount of crimping. The specimen 

 is dark and heavy, and patched over with fresh marine 

 incrustations. 



The dimensions are : — 



Length of the fragment, 5'4 in. Width of crown, 4-9 in. ! 



The same plate, XTV. B., contains a representation, fig. 16, 

 of an entire upper molar, comprising from sixteen to seven- 

 teen ridges within an extent of 11 inches. Only three of the 

 anterior ridges are worn, the rest being intact. I now regard 

 it as a molar of E. (Euelejphas) antiquus, and not of E. 

 meridionalis. 



Captain Alexander discovered in the Mammaliferous Crag 

 of Easton, near Southwold, a very fine specimen, of which 

 no figure has as yet been published, of a last upper molar, 

 right side, of E. meridionalis, which I have had an oppor- 

 tunity of examining. The crown presented twelve principal 

 ridges ; the back talon was wanting. A small portion of the 

 tooth was broken on one side in front, but the unfractured 

 bend of the enamel round the opposite side proved that the 

 crown showed nearly its entire length. The tooth resembled 

 in every respect (making allowance for the difference of upper 

 and lower) the specimen already described, found by Mr. 

 Prestwich in the Crag, near Norwich. The three first ridges 

 alone were touched by wear, the rest being intact. The 

 ridges were broad, with wide interspaces, the enamel very 

 thick and rugous, both from deep vertical channeling, and 

 from close-set, transverse, wavy wrinkles of the surface. The 

 digital processes were large and distinct. The ninth ridge 

 presented five digitations. There were no fangs. The 

 enamel-plates of the front ridges were nearly straight, and 

 quite free from crimping. This tooth was at once distinguish- 

 able from the corresponding upper molar of E. primi- 

 genius or of E. (Euelephas) antiquus, by the thickness and 

 low elevation of the ridges relatively to the width of the 

 crown. 



The dimensions were : — 



Length of crown, 96 in. Width of crown in front, 3 - 6 in. Height of crown at 

 the fourth ridge, 4-5 in. Height of crown at the penultimate ridge, 3 - l in. 



The only other illustration of a molar of this species 

 which I shall adduce is that described and figured by 



