E. (EUELEPHAS) INDICUS. 149 



from those arrived at by previous observers, in what concerns 

 the ridge- characters of the intermediate molars. 



a. Milk Molars. — The antepenultimate and penultimate 

 milk molars (m.m. 2 and m.m. 3) are seen in situ in the upper 

 jaw of the jowag cranium figured by Corse, which is now 

 preserved in the Museum of the India House. The antepe- 

 nultimate presents four ridges, and measures but 7 inches in 

 length. This tooth is exceedingly rudimentary in form and 

 dimensions. The penultimate is composed of eight principal 

 ridges, with an anterior talon-ridgelet, but no posterior talon. 

 The eighth or last ridge is as well developed as the others, 

 showing eight distinct digital processes. The dimensions of 

 this specimen are : — length 2*4 inches, width in front -9 inch, 

 width behind 1-3 inch. The alveolus of the last milk molar, 

 separated from the penultiniate by a partition, is present in 

 this specimen, but empty. 



The lower jaw of the same cranium furnishes the three 

 milk molars in place. The antepenultimate, like the corre- 

 sponding upper tooth, is composed of four ridges, and measures 

 •65 inch long. The penultimate has eight principal ridges, 

 with a small posterior talon. It is longer and narrower in 

 proportion than the upper; it measures 2*55 inches in length. 

 Eleven germs of the ridges of the last milk molar are lying 

 loose in the alveolus or cavity of that tooth. 



A young cranium belonging to a skeleton in the Museum 

 of King's College, London, and having the lower jaw at- 

 tached, furnishes the next stage of dentition, namely, the 

 penultimate, and last milk molars, in situ. The penultimate 

 is much worn, the two front ridges being ground down to the 

 base. The crown presents eight principal ridges, with indi- 

 cations of an anterior talon. The discs of wear are wide, and 

 the enamel-border well crimped, but with no tendency to 

 mesial expansion. The dimensions are : — length 2*7 inches, 

 width of crown in front 1*2 inch, behind 1*5 inch. 



The last or third milk molar, left side, has a crown com- 

 posed of twelve principal ridges, with a talon in front and 

 behind. The first ridge and anterior talon are alone worn, 

 the two last ridges and talon being unconsolidated and 

 separate. This tooth measures in length of crown 5*2 inches, 

 by a width in front of 1*5 inch. 



In the lower jaw of the same specimen the penultimate 

 milk molar presents eight principal ridges in a length of 

 crown of 2-6 inches. The last milk molar is partly embedded 

 in the alveolus, and the posterior portion concealed. Of the 

 eight emerged ridges, the four anterior are worn. The 

 diameter of the tusk (replaced) in this cranium is 1-1 inch. 



A detached cranium, in the same Museum, furnishes the 



