E. (EUELEPIIAS) PKIMIGENIUS. 165 



upper gravel-beds, or blue clay below the boulder- clay, than that it 

 came out of the ' Elephant-bed.' 

 The dimensions are : — 



Length of crown at top, 5 - 5 in. Length below, above the fangs, 4'55 in. Width 

 of crown in front, 2-4 in. Width in middle, 2-23 in. Width behind, 2-1 in. 

 Length occupied by eight anterior discs, 29 in. Extreme height of crown at ninth 

 ridge, 5 - 6 in. 



I regard this specimen as being an antepenultimate of Elephas pri- 

 migenius. N.B. The posterior talon is a little abraded behind. 



The second specimen, labelled ' No. 2, from blue clay and black 

 gravel, beach, Cromer ; scoured down after shoot of cliff, under light- 

 house, March 1860. (Anderson, Cromer.)' 



This specimen in a general way very closely resembles No. 3, just 

 described ; like it, the crown is very perfect, and composed of twelve 

 ridges, with front and back talons. The grinding surface has extended 

 over the eight anterior ridges. The front ridge is confluent with that 

 of the disc of the anterior talon, which has partly disappeared from 

 pressure. This front disc has the enamel-plate surrounding it some- 

 what folded, but without crimping ; the folds being secondary undula- 

 tions, arising from the confluence of the digitations. 



The second disc is transverse, and somewhat folded in a similar 

 manner, but without true crimping. The third, foiugh, and fifth ridges, 

 present each three distinct and non-confluent flattened discs. The 

 sixth and seventh show about five flattened annular rings. The rest of 

 the ridges, back to the talon, are quite entire and enveloped in cement. 

 There is no indication of a disc of pressure, and the talon is quite 

 perfect. 



This tooth closely resembles that above described ; it is somewhat 

 smaller, and belonged to the left side. It does not appear, however, to 

 have belonged to the same individual. The crown-discs are somewhat 

 wider and more open, with less appearance of compression, but not to 

 a greater extent than is compatible with individual variation. The 

 specimen agrees, in colour and character of the matrix impacted in the 

 fang interstices, with No. 3. The fresh ivory fracture yields the same 

 sepia discoloration ; and when burnt it gives a strong odour of am- 

 monia (burnt blanket), proving abundance of gelatine. I regard this 

 specimen as also of E. primi 'genius. 



The dimensions are : — 



Extreme length of crown, 5'7 in. Extreme length above fangs, 4-4 in. Width 

 of crown in front, 2-1 in. Width in middle, 2-3 in. Width behind, 2-1 in. Length 

 occupied by eight anterior discs, 3-3 in. Extreme height of crown at eighth ridge, 

 5-0 in. 



Although presenting the ferruginous matrix of the 'Elephant-bed,' 

 this specimen, like the former, is inferred to have been yielded by one 

 of the superior gravels. 



Mr. Prestwich's specimen (which is labelled 'Ilford, 1861') is a well- 

 worn penultimate true molar, upper right (t.m. 2). The crown is 

 composed of fifteen ridges, with a posterior talon. The twelve anterior 

 ridges are more or less affected by wear ; the discs of the two front 

 ridges are worn very low and confluent into an irregular, scooped de- 

 pression. The disc of a semi-ridge is interposed at the outer half, be- 

 tween this common disc and the next adjoining it. The third, fourth, 



