232 



ELEPHAS COLUMBI. 



phalangeal bone of a Pachyderm, bearing some resemblance 

 to that of the genus Rhinoceros ; and upper and lower molars 

 presenting the characters of the existing genus Equus. 1 The 

 collection formed by M. H. de Saussure included Mastodon 

 Andium, as distinguished by the French palaeontologists from 

 M. Humboldtii. In Texas, 2 as already stated, E. Golumbi was 

 found along with remains of Tapirus Americanus (Leidy), 

 Bison latifrons (Leidy), a species of Mastodon not named; 

 bones supposed to be of a species of Mylodon, and probably 

 also a colossal form of E. primigenius. 



The Georgian remains from the Brunswick Canal have 

 been severely examined by different palaeontologists. Among 

 them, besides Elephant, there were Megatherium mirabile 

 (Leidy), Mylodon Harlani (Ow.), Mastodon Ohioticus, Bison 

 latifrons (Leidy), Equus Americanus (Leidy), 3 together with 

 bones of a large Chelonian, Chelonia Couperi (Harlan). It 

 was supposed, at the time of their discovery, that the Darien 

 fossil Fauna included Hippopotamus and Sus ; 4 of these the 

 former was negatived by Prof. Owen, and the tusk fragment 

 upon which it was founded referred to Mastodon, while the 

 latter has passed through many phases of nomenclature. 

 First named Sus Americana by Harlan (loc. cit.), it was then 

 regarded by Prof. Owen as the type of a new genus inter- 

 mediate to Lophiodon and Toxodon, which he first described 

 under the designation of Lophiodon bathygnathus, 5 and after- 

 wards as Harlanus Americanus ; 6 but the specimen upon 

 which the opinion rested has been satisfactorily determined 

 by Leidy to be nothing more than a lower jaw of his Bison 

 latifrons. 7 At Skiddaway Island on the Atlantic shore, near 

 Savannah, the same genera and species have been met with ; 

 and Dr. Leidy mentions the association, on the shores of the 

 Ashley River in South Carolina, 8 of remains of the same 

 Megatherium, with those of Elephas, Mastodon, Equus, Ta- 

 pirus, Dicotyles, Hipparion Hydrochmrus, &c. 9 On all occa- 

 sions, until lately, where this Elephant has been named in 

 the American memoirs, it has been cited as E. primigenius. 

 Generalizing approximatively, as far as the ascertained data 

 will admit, it would appear that where fossil Elephants occur 

 in the States east of the Mississippi, those found to the north 

 of the Apalachians belong chiefly to E. primigenius; and 



1 Leonhard and Bronn's ' Jahrbuch,' 

 1840, p. 581. 



2 W. B. Carpenter. Silliman's Jour- 

 nal, 1846. 2nd ser. vol i. p. 245. 



3 Leidy. Extinct Sloth Tribe of North 

 America, 1855, p. 54. 



4 Harlan in Silliman's Journal, vol. 

 xliii. 1842, p. 143. 



5 Cat. Foss. Mammal. &c. Mus. Coll. 

 of Surg. p. 197. 



6 Proceed. Acad. Nat. Scien. Phila- 

 delph. vol. iii. 1846, p. 94. 



' Proceed. Acad. Nat. Scien. Philad. 

 1854, vii. p. 89. 



8 ' Extinct Sloth Tribe, &c.' p. 51. 



9 Leidy, op. cit. p. 58. 



