322 RHINOCEROS. 



tionover Europe are determined, my object in this communica- 

 tion will have been attained. It is left to systematic writers on 

 Palaeontology to decide by what specific designation the form 

 here called Rhinoceros hemitoechns shall hereafter be recog- 

 nized. In the meantime, the name now applied will be of 

 convenience to geologists in dealing with the Mammalian 

 remains of one period of the Caves, and of deposits of the 

 age of Clacton, and certain localities in Northamptonshire as 

 distinct, on the one hand, from the 'Elephant-bed' of the 

 Norwich coast, and on the other, from the superficial gravels 

 of the Glacial period. 



My first acquaintance with the species dates from the 

 spring of 1858, when, on a visit to Plymouth, to examine the 

 remains of the Oreston caves, I saw in the possession of Mr. 

 Spence Bate a beautiful drawing (which he liberally placed 

 at my disposal) of a ramus of the lower jaw of a Rhinoceros, 

 discovered by Colonel E. P. Wood in ' Bacon Hole,' which 

 a cursory examination satisfied me differed alike from 

 Rhin. leptorhinus and from Rhin. tichorhinus. (See PI. XXL) 

 On proceeding to Swansea, in company with my friend the 

 Pev. Pobert Everest, I compared the original of Mr. Spence 

 Bate's drawing with a fine specimen of a corresponding 

 ramus of the lower jaw of a fossil Rhinoceros, from, the Ele- 

 phant-bed ' of the Norfolk coast, belonging to the collection 

 of the Rev. John Gunn of Irstead, 1 which I had previously 

 inferred to be of Rhinoceros leptorhinus of Cuvier, as met with 

 in the valley of the Po and the Val d'Arno. In the Museum 

 of the Royal Institution of South Wales at Swansea, besides 

 the specimen in question, I found the right and left rami of 

 another lower jaw, containing on the left side the series of 

 the six posterior molars in beautiful preservation (PI. XIX.), 

 together with a fragment composing four 'consecutive molars 

 of the upper jaw, right side (namely the penultimate and 

 antepenultimate true molars, and the two posterior pre- 

 molars), and likewise some vertebrae and fragments of bones 

 of the extremities. The whole of these remains were dis- 

 covered in 1850 in the cave of ' Bacon Hole,' in Gower, about 

 six miles west of Swansea, during an exploration carried on 

 by Colonel E. R. Wood, of Stout Hall, by whom they were 

 presented to the Swansea Museum. The character of the 

 upper molars established to a certainty the distinctness of 

 the species. On communicating this result to Colonel Wood, 

 I. was informed by him that in another of the Gower Caves, 

 named ' Minchin Hole,' the exploration of which he had 

 undertaken after exhausting ' Bacon Hole,' he had dis- 



1 See antea, p. 319.— [Ed.] 



