EHINOCEROS HEMIT(ECIIUS. 351 



IV. — Comparison of the Gower Cave Ehinoceros, with Specimens in 



British Museum. 

 30th September, 1858. 

 Spent a long day with Mr. Waterhouse upon the Fossil Ehinoceros. 

 Took with me all Major Wood's specimens from Minchin Hole and 

 the Swansea Museum — specimens of upper and lower jaw, and the 

 Minchin skull. Compared the Minchin skull with the two crania, the 

 Clacton one figured by Owen and the other from Northampton, and 

 found them to agree exactly in the form of the occiput, little amount of 

 backward extension and vaulting of occipital crest, and in the form of 

 the occipital plane, i.e. contracting upwards, and not a parallelogram, 

 as in Rh. tichorhinus. Thus inferred that the Rh. leptorhinus of Owen's 

 cranial figures is the same as our Rh. prisons 1 {R. hefnitcechus) of the 

 Gower Caves. (See Plates XXIII. and XXIV.) 



V. — Note on the Northampton and Clacton Skulls of Ehinoceros 



Hemitcechus. 

 1st October, 1858. 

 The Northampton Ehinoceros skull in the British Museum, No. 2, 

 R. leptorhinus, Owen, and labelled 20,013, is entered in the book as 

 having been purchased in 1846 from Miss Baker of Northampton, sister 

 of Baker the historian. The exact locality is not mentioned, but other 

 specimens of the same lot are referred to Blisworth, Kilsby Tunnel, 

 Bugbrook, Northampton, &c, all in Northamptonshire. This specimen 

 comprises the occiput and condyles, quite entire, and the whole of the 

 frontal on to the naso-frontal suture, which is also quite entire, as are 

 also the base of the right zygoma, the right articulating surface, and the 

 right styliform process ; the left zygoma is less perfect. The animal 

 was very young, although large as compared with that from Minchin. 

 There is no evidence as to the age of Brown's Clacton skull (B. M. 132, 

 133) ; there is no sign of any of the sutures being open ; but the upper 

 part of the occiput is not broader than in the young Northampton 

 specimen. Of the three molars which Brown gave with the skull, the 

 last molar is implanted in the maxillary, with part of the palatine bone 

 present. The tooth is of the left side, and is in the middle stage of 

 wear, and is precisely like the pair of Minchin molars. If this fragment 

 belongs to the skull it would prove the animal to have been adult. 

 The antero-post. length inside of the tooth is 2*15 in. in Clacton, and 

 2*1 in. in Minchin. Like the Minchin specimen, the Clacton last molar 

 has a basal lobe behind and an intercolumnar tubercle, but both are 

 wrapt up in an enormous mass of cement. The complexity of pattern 

 is equally great in both. In the Clacton skull there is no distinct mark 

 of a frontal horn. The base is not quite smooth, but it is not rugous 

 enough. The frontal of the Northampton skull is absolutely smooth, 

 but the animal was young. (See Plates XV., XXIII., and XXIV.) 



Dimensions of Clacton Skull.— Length from tip of nasals to summit of occipital 

 crest, measured along the curve, about 29- in. Length from tip of nasals to summit 

 of occipital crest, stretched, 285 in. Width of inter-temporal plateau of sinciput 

 where narrow, 1-4 in. Length of nasal sinus (septum), 95 in. Length of nasal sinus 

 (septum) in skull of B. tichorhinus, 7- is. Length of base of partial septum, about 

 5"0 in. Length of unossified part, about 4'in. Width of nasals in a line across with 

 base of sinus, 5'8 in. Width of nasals at commencement of septum (posterior end), 

 47 in. Length from anterior side of styliform to nasal sinus, lo'O in. 



Bh.priscus was the name first given by Dr. Fuleonor to E. hemitcechits.—fEo.] 



