CERVUS SEDGWICK!!. 471 



XV. NOTES ON FOSSIL SPECIES OF CERVUS, IN- 

 CLUDING A DESCRIPTION OF A REMARK- 

 ABLE FOSSIL ANTLER OF A LARGE SPECIES 

 OF EXTINCT CERVUS IN THE COLLECTION 

 OF THE REV. JOHN GUNN, IRSTEAD. 1 



That remains of large extinct species of Ungulata abound 

 in the ' Forest-bed ' and Laminated Clays, which are inter- 

 posed between the Crag and the ' Boulder-clay ' along the 

 Norfolk coast from Cromer to Happisburgh, has long been 

 well known. They are amply represented in the collection 

 formed by Miss Anna Gurney, Mr. Foulger, and others, now 

 deposited in the Natural History Museum at Norwich; in 

 that of the Rev. James Layton, now absorbed in the British 

 Museum ; and in the private collections amassed during 

 many years by the Rev. John Gunn of Irstead, by Mr. Fitch 

 of Norwich, and more recently by the Rev. S. W. King of 

 Saxlingham. 



But our knowledge of the Mammalian species belonging 

 to this extinct Fauna, regarded as a whole, is still in a very 

 unsatisfactory state. The Probosciclea have yielded three 

 well-marked species, with indications of probably a fourth : 

 the former being Elephas (Loxodori) meridionalis, E. (Euelephas) 

 antiquus, and E. (Euelephas) primigenius. The genus Rhino- 

 ceros has yielded two well-marked species, namely Bh. Etrus- 

 cus and Bh. leptorhinus (Bh. megarhinus of Christol). It is 

 worthy of remark, that although undoubted remains of E. 

 primigenius have been yielded by the Forest-bed, its usual 

 associate in the Quaternary Valley Gravels, Bh. tichorhinus, 

 has not yet, so far as I am aware, been established upon reli- 

 able evidence. Two of the Fossil Elephants above-named 

 and both species of Rhinoceros belong to the Pliocene depo- 

 sits of the Val dArno and of the Valley of the Po, as ex- 

 hibited in the Astigiana, and in the Sub-Apennines of Pia- 

 cenza and the Romagna. It might therefore be inferred that 

 the rest of the fauna would partake of a Pliocene character. 

 Remains of the Ruminantia abound in all the collections, 

 consisting of antlers and bones of large species of Cervus, 

 and bones of the Bovidoe. But, commonly they occur in a 



1 The description of Mr. Gunn's antler Cervus in his collection. Additions have 

 was written in 1863, but was never pub- \ likewise been made from the author's 

 lished. I am indebted to Mr. Gunn for Note-books. — [Ed.] 

 Dr. Falconer's description of crania of | 



