516 OSSIFEROUS CAVES OF GOWER. 



Another fact was observed, which is worthy of notice, when 

 speculating as to the agency by which they were introduced 

 into the cavern, viz., that about 95 per cent, of these antlers 

 were shed horns, and some of them were very much rolled. 

 I believe that the above reckoning falls very much short of 

 the actual number of antlers that were present in the fissure ; 

 and that a large number of them were probably contained hi 

 the mass of ochreous loam, 15 feet high by 8 feet square at 

 the base, which was precipitated bodily into the sea. 



9. ' Bosco's Den,' Lower Stout. 



(d.) Description of lower chamber. — We were well aware of 

 the existence of some kind of cavity under the projecting 

 ledge of cemented breccia upon which the ' cave-loam ' rested, 

 but it was quite inaccessible from above ; and no attempt 

 was made to penetrate it, until the excavations in the upper 

 story were nearly completed. At length Colonel Wood, Mr. 

 Thomas Falconer of Usk, and myself, having brought the ne- 

 cessary appliances to the spot on September 14 last, accom- 

 plished our first entry into the interior. By ladders we 

 ascended between the vertical walls of the empty fissure to a 

 contracted platform, which led back into a washed out cham- 

 ber, extending 31 feet inwards from the mouth, and imme- 

 diately under the floor of the upper chamber. The width of 

 the chasm at the mouth was 8 feet 9 inches, which increased 

 inwards to 10 feet, and the height of the chamber to the 

 projecting ledge of cemented breccia which forms the roof 

 was 12 feet; chinks intervened between the jammed blocks 

 of limestone, forming the floor ; and by dropping a line, its 

 elevation of floor was found to be 24 feet above the edge of 

 the beach. The height of the chamber diminished inwards, 

 by the inclination of the roof; at the extremity, it was reduced 

 to 9-g- feet. Here we got a section of the compact bed of 

 marine sand and gravel, which forms the end wall, breached 

 by the sea at high tides, and during heavy south-westerly 

 gales. In the descending order, it is composed of: — 



(e.) Deposits of Marine Sand and Gravel- 



1. A layer of coarse rolled gravel 

 la. A thin layer of pebbles . 



2. Fine comminuted gravel 

 8. Sand mixed with fine gravel . 

 4. Coarse rolled gravel 



y 4 

 No shells or other organic remains were observed either 

 in these beds or in the chamber. But no very close search 

 was made for them at the time, and the section was taken 



