592 PRIMEVAL MAN, 



period, and E. antiquus of the Sub-Apennine period (the 

 Astesan and the 'Norwich Crag'), the former commonly 

 associated in the English caves with Rhinoceros tichorhinus, 

 the latter with Rhinoceros hemitoechus. 



3. The absence o^Elephas meridionalis and the form called 

 E. priscus (since abandoned') in all the cave collections ; 

 and the association hi one of them of Elephas antiquus, 

 Rhinoceros hemitoechus, and Hippopotamus major, without the 

 admixture of other species of the same genera. 



4. The absence from all the caves of the Rhinoceros lepto- 

 rhinus of Cuvier, as I regarded the species to be limited. 



Other results were communicated which need not be cited 

 here. The letter concluded by calling attention to an im- 

 portant speculation recently advanced by M. Lartet, that the 

 Mammalian fauna of the Glacial period in Europe was made 

 up of two distinct geographical elements : the one a northern 

 division, pushed southwards from Siberia ; the other a sou- 

 thern division, projected northwards from Mauritania. The 

 proposed exploration might throw light on this question also. 



The letter dated the 10th was on May 12th submitted 

 to the Council of the Geological Society, by whom the case 

 was warmly entertained ; a recommendatory resolution was 

 passed, and entrusted to the able advocacy of the veteran 

 Mr. Horner, who brought it before the Council of the Royal 

 Society on May 13 ; and that learned body the same day 

 gave a grant of 100L towards the object. Miss Burdett 

 Coutts, whose expansive munificence is alive to every object 

 affecting the improvement, material, moral, or intellectual, of 

 her country, contributed a large donation. So earnest was 

 the co-operation of men of science on this occasion, that in 

 little more than twenty-four hours after the case was 

 brought forward the means were provided for carrying the 

 design into execution. A committee at my suggestion was 

 appointed in London ; Mr. Prestwich took charge of the 

 financial and business details ; I was intrusted with laying 

 down the plan and giving the instructions upon which the 

 exploration was to be conducted ; a local committee was 

 formed at Torquay, but for unity of action the responsible 

 direction of the explorations speedily centred in Mr. Pen- 

 gelly, of whom I am bound to say that never, I believe, was 

 an inquiry of the kind carried out with more conscientious 

 care or greater ability than by him. The deposits were 

 taken up horizontally, like sheets of paper ; every object met 

 with had its position fixed in reference to definite points, 

 vertically and horizontally ; the collections of each day were 



1 See antea, p. 251, note 1. — [Ed.] 



