25 2 PREHISTORIC EUROPE. 



CHAPTER XII. 



INTERGLACIAL EPOCHS. 



Earliest recognition of interglacial deposits — Interglacial beds of Scotland — Sec- 

 tions at Hailes Quarry, near Edinburgh — Alternating arctic and genial climatic 

 conditions — Succession of glacial and interglacial deposits in England — Palaeo- 

 lithic implements in interglacial deposits at Brandon, Suffolk — Changes of 

 climate during Glacial Period in British area — Glacial deposits of Scandinavia 

 — Ancient strand-linieror horizontal rock-terraces of Norway — Theories of their 

 origin — Their possible interglacial age — Interglacial deposits of Northern 

 Germany — Section at Rixdorf, on the Spree — Section at Dbmitz, on the Elbe 

 ■ — Interglacial beds at Tempelhof — Boring near the Schwielow-See — Traces of 

 interglacial submergence — Glacial and interglacial deposits of Saxony; of 

 Holstein and Denmark — Sand, gravel, and superficial erratics of Northern 

 Europe — Dr. Penck's views of climatic and geographical changes — Preserva- 

 tion of beds under till or boulder-clay. 



Some five-and-twenty years ago M. Morlot pointed out that 

 after the ancient glaciers of Switzerland had for a long time 

 occupied the low grounds of that country, they retired again to 

 the mountain-valleys, and allowed streams and rivers to erode 

 and re-arrange the ancient bottom-moraines and other debris 

 which had been left strewed over the deserted bed of the mer 

 de glace. After some considerable period of time, however, the 

 glaciers, according to Morlot, again advanced and overflowed the 

 low grounds, here and there ploughing out the superficial river- 

 alluvia, and elsewhere burying them under a newer accumulation 

 of boulder-clay or moraine profonde. 1 The bearing of these inter- 

 esting observations upon the glacial history of other regions, 



1 Bull, de la Soc. Vaud. des Sciences Nat. (1854), t. iv. pp. 39, 41, 53, 185 ; 

 Edin. New Phil. Journ., vol. ii. (New Series), p. 14. 



