INTERGLACIAL EPOCHS. 297 



CHAPTEE XIII. 



INTERGLACIAL epochs — Continued. 



Interglacial deposits of Switzerland — Interglacial river-terraces at Camiscliollas — 

 Glacial and interglacial deposits near Thoron ; at Diirnten and Utznaeh ; at 

 the Bois de la Batie — Interglacial beds of Northern Italy — Ancient glacier of 

 the Lago d'Iseo — Lacustrine deposits of the Val Borlezza — Deposits in the 

 basin of Gandino — Lignites ot Leffe — Interglacial age of the lacustrine de- 

 posits of Val Borlezza and Val Gandino — Lacustrine deposits in Val Adrara 

 and Val Forestro — Deposits in the Upper Val d'Arno — Interglacial deposits 

 of Central France — Pumiceous conglomerate and associated deposits at Per- 

 rier, near Issoire — Glacial and interglacial deposits in the valleys of the Ain 

 and the Rhone — Successive glacial epochs in the Vosges mountains — Two 

 glacial epochs in the Pyrenees — Interglacial deposits at Gibraltar — Probable 

 interglacial age of similar deposits in Malta. 



We discussed in the preceding chapter the general evidence 

 bearing upon the existence of interglacial deposits in Northern 

 Europe, and the testimony they furnish as to changes of climate 

 during the Ice Age. We have now to glance at the proofs which 

 are supplied to us by the glacial accumulations of the central 

 and southern regions of our continent in favour of similar cli- 

 matic vicissitudes having formerly characterised those regions. 

 Eeference has already been made to the fact that M. Morlot, 

 many years ago, had arrived at the conclusion that the glacial 

 beds of Switzerland gave proof that there had been two periods 

 of intense glaciation, separated by an intervening epoch of 

 milder conditions. He showed that certain terraces, composed 

 of water- worn gravel and sand, identical in all respects with 

 modern river-deposits, occurred at heights varying from 50 to 

 150 feet above the present level of the streams. These terraces, 



