15 



in a recess or magazine, the advantages of which in one constructed by 

 nie I have long experienced, the shoes by being placed on bars horizon- 

 tally can be readily removed, niore easily than when placed resting upon 

 oue another perpendicularly, as we usuaily see them. 



In forging the shoe from the bar, a piece is to be cut off somewhat shorter 

 than the intended shoe to allow for extension under the hanimer, and tliat 

 there may be as little waste as possible by cuttings from tlie heels when 

 the shoe is finished. Tvvo or three of these pieces may be placed in the 

 fire at one time to save fuel. With saddle horses, however, it is an expe- 

 ditious as vreM as more correct method to divide or cut the bar into 

 lengths or pieces forniing pairs according to the sizes required ; the iron 

 for these shoes not being very stout, there is no difficulty in turning it 

 in the tongs over the bick with the hand-hamraer; but with the heavier 

 rart horse shoes, it is usual not to cut it from the bar tili a circular figure 

 is given it, for which the bar itself serves as a powerful and convenient 

 handle. The iron having received the requisite curve is cut off, which 

 is then termed a Mould. 



It is usual for the workmen to finish the outer limb of the shoe first, which 

 being roughly formed, and the web thinned and hollowed, is commonly 

 reversed by the smith, that is, the hammered side is brought to the anvil 

 and that which was next the anvil being more smooth and of better appear- 

 ance is made the bottom or underside of the shoe. 



The shoe is then JuUered* that is, a deep groove or Channel is driven 

 round it at a small distance from the outer edge, indenting it nearly 

 half through the thickness of the iron. 



The fullering prepares it for being perforated for the nails, and renders 

 the shoe a little wider without adding to its weiglit; the bind shoes 

 for saddle horses are not often fullered, at least only on the sides, nor are 

 the shoes of cart horses; in France and Spauithey do not fuller any shoes, 

 not even for nag horses, but a stout Square Stamp is driven deep into the 

 iron, and the Perforation is then compieted by the finer point of the 

 pritchel.f 



This Channel or fullering certainly gives the shoe a lighter and neater 



• Dcrivcd fiom the tool iiscd, which U callcil a Fuller, being a sort of chisscl about four inches 

 long and two wide, Hat and almost concave on one side, eonvcx and roiinded on the other, and circular 

 below on its culting edge ; held in a rod ofazle. — See also Part 2. p. 96. 



t Tlie Pritcliel is a shaft of iron steelcd at the eud and drawn out to a fiue Square point To pritch 

 tlie shuc, in tccbnical language, is to perforatc it. 



P 



