20 



Within the Vagina is seen the opening of the Urethra 68, and the Clitoris 69, which in these 

 animals has the appearance of being inverted in respect to its position in the opening of the 

 Vagina; which is explained when the prone position of the auimal is considered. 



Above the Vagina appears the Rectum, or Arse-gut ; the other intestines being necessarily 

 removed to afford a clear view of the difFerent organs of the abdominal cavity ; a is a piece of the 

 sacculated part of the Rectum ; the balls of düng appear to receive their form and become har- 

 dened in these pouches ; i is a terminating sac to the intestines, a receptacle of the düng, 

 and appears to consist externally of longitudinal fibres, having internally aloosely adhering coat, 

 flaccid, wrinkled, and covered with a thick slimy mucus ; the longitudinal fibres of the 

 external sac contracting fi-om the Stimulus of the accumulation of the düng balls, and shorten- 

 ing, thereby protrudes the inner loose pouch with its contents outwards, and it forms into 

 numerous circular folds, which on arcountof their appearance and colour, havebeen soraetimes 

 called the Rose ; the longitudinal fibres of the external sac ceasing to act, and the abdominal 

 muscles relaxing, it is by the weight and descent of the intestines again drawn within the 

 abdomen : c is the Sphincter Ani, or Circular Musele closing the rectum externally. 



We now trace the lower outline of the figure. 70 Is the Symphisis of the Pubis, or place of 

 Union of the two bones composing it : this part is formed of an extraordinary depth or width 

 in these animals, affording ample surface for the attachment of the muscles of progression. 

 71 The Parietes, or Coverings of the Abdomen, Internally lined with a fine membrane called 

 Peritoneum, which is exteuded over all the viscera, and partakes very frequently of their 

 disorders. The lowermost edge of the boundary line of the abdomen below this is termed by 

 anatomists the Linea Alba g, being a white line formed by the concurrence in the middle of the 

 abdomen of the tendons of its various muscles. Here the cavity of the abdomen is contracted and 

 drawn up from the weight of the intestines being removed. 72 Is the udder of the mare. 

 The rudiments of the Mammce, or Teats, which are found with the males of most quadrupeds, 

 were discovered by Daubenton in the horse in the prepuce, or sheath of the penis — See Buf- 

 fon's Natural History ; and afterwards Hunter made the same remark. 



73 — 74 The Sterno-Mastoideus Musele. 75 The Sterno-Thyroideus. 



Of the Limbs. — The division being made through the middle of the horse's body, does not 

 iiiterfere with or affect the limbs, but exposes very advantageously their inner sides ; and that 

 the plate mightbe rendered as extensively usefnl as it rould be, we stript the limbs of Iheir skin 

 and several tendinous envelopements, and broaght into view their exterior muscles for 

 representation. 



In the Forb Extremity is seen the lower part of the Brachio-Cervical Musele 76, passing 

 down from the neck to the middle of the arm extending and carrying the limb forwards very 

 powerfully from the distance of its application from the centre of motion in the Joint above ; 

 and exteosive in its action on account of its length occupying nearly the whole line of the neck : 

 the use the horse makes of his neck is often seen in the gallop especially if a little fatigued, it 

 forms with the Pectoral Musele 77, a strong aponeurosis, extending over all the muscles and 

 tendons of the upper parts of the limb, bracing them and forming a strong aponeurotic chord 

 •r tendon inside the fore arm. 78 The Vlna, or Elbow. 79 The Flexor Magnus Carpi, rising 



from 



