19 



cylindrical pipe 53 iiear the back-bone is the aorta or main blood-vessel from the heart, distribut. 

 ing the blood to all parts of the body; it is seeii passing into the Abdomen, where it is partially 

 laid open, and above this opening another blood-vessel is visible which i» the «ena cobb, 54, or 

 gteat vein, bringing back the surplus blood to the heart and lungs. 



Of the Abdomen. Lying against the diaphragm, making a noble appearance, is seen, the 

 Liver, being the left lobe of this viscus, 55. A smaller middle lobe is divided, exposing two or 

 three orifices of blood-vessels, whose white coats strongly contrast with the general color of 

 the part 56. The liver of the horse issingularly circumstanced in having no ci/st or gall-bladder. 

 The liver of the horse from very high feeding witli oats and distressing work is subject to be 

 destroyed, much in the same way as fermented liquors-act upon the human liver; the disease 

 60 induced is called Farcy,* too low and watery food, and exposnre in damp cold ground will 

 also iuduce the same complaint, especially after high feed. 



Passing backwards in the orderof their occurrence we next observe The Stomack 57, a Single 

 pouch, but possessing within, three or four different surfaces, approaching though distantly in 

 structure to the stomachs of ruminating animals. 



The stomach of the Horse and of others of his race or family is made the singular habitation 

 of the larvce or grub of three or four distinct kinds of Bots-\ or Oestri, whose curious history and 

 mode of propagation we have endeavoured formerly to unfold in an essay published in the 3d 

 Vol. of the Linnean Society's Transactions. The curvature of the stomach presented to the liver 

 is called the Small Arch by anatomists; and its exterior convexity opposite this the Large 

 Arch ; the entrance to the stomach by the gullet,58, the Cardiac Orifice, its exit where the intes- 

 tine has been removed the Pylorus 59. Behind the stomach and of a bluish red color is seen the 

 Spleen or Mitt 60 its usual companion, and perhaps serving some useful office in regulating the 

 digestive process. We cannot forbear stating very briefly that in an experiment made in the year 

 1792, in throwing in more fluid into the stomach of an ass than the animal was willing to drink, 

 or than was necessary to digestion and on introducing the band through an incision made into 

 the abdomen after some little time had elapsed for the digestion to be compleated this viscus 

 appeared on again introducing the hand to have lost its flaccid feel, and to have become turgid ; 

 as though it had received the superfluous fluid we mention it that it may beconfirmed or other- 

 W1S6 by futnre observers in their researches respecting it. 



Immediately above the spieen is seen the KidneyfiX, receiving its artery ftom the Aorta.and tlie 

 Ureter passing from it and going to be inserted in the side of the bladder, being enveloped by 

 membranes its view is soraewhat indistinct. 62 is the Bladder coUapsed and corrugated being 

 nearly empty of urine. Above this and lying upon it, is the Vagina and the Uterus or Womb 

 63 the latter very small in these animals, the foal being contained, not in the womb, but the 

 flbrns of the womb, or Uterus 64. The hörn of the other side is cut off, that it should not 

 obscure other parts 65. To the extiemity of the hörn of the Uterus, and lying upwards in the 

 figure, is attached the Ovarium 66, and near it the Fallopian Trumpelßl, a membranous twisted 

 funnel, which conveys the impregnated egg from the ovarium, where conception commences, into 

 the hom of the utenis, arrived there and adhering to its internal coats it bfrcomes the F(etus. 



* From/arcio, to cram, the legs being swollen throughout like a stufTed poddiog. 



f We conjecture from the French ioul, the eod, from their appearing at < ha extremityof the rectum. 



Within 



