84 THE DEER OF AMERICA. 



he can make his escape, a single blow from the fore foot of the 

 leading doe ci'uslies him down, and he is trampled to death in a 

 trice. If thej^ see a dog through the fence, their combativeness 

 is at once aroused, and they will rush toward him and strike the 

 fence terrible blows. The dog generally leaves at their first 

 bidding. 



Sometimes the bucks are vicious and dangerous during the rut- 

 ting season, but a very wicked one is a rare exception ; still all 

 at that time are more courageous than at other seasons, and it is 

 prudent to avoid any contest and leave him the path if you meet 

 one in the park. In the wild state, their timidity prevents them 

 from attacking man, and they expend their courage or viciousness 

 on their own species. 



In hot weather they are inclined to stand in the pools of water 

 in the bed of the creek, and the males wallow in the mud like 

 the hog, so that they are often seen well smeai-ed with the adhe- 

 sive soil, and present a disgusting appearance. 



The Elk is not entirely voiceless, yet it never utters a sound, 

 except under strong provocation, generally of alarm or defiance. 

 Either expression is on a very high, sharp key, often uttered with 

 great force. During the rut, the master buck is often heard in 

 loud defiance, which serves as a warning to the younger males to 

 keep clear of him. 



I shall have more to say when we come to compare the differ- 

 ent species of the deer, and consider them more in detail. 



