172 BARON WALCKENAER ON THE INSECTS 
IV. Thola, or Tholea, or Tholaath—This is 2 Hebrew word, and is 
found in Deuteronomy, in the part which treats of the punishments with 
which the Israelites were menaced if they abandoned the law of God*. 
This verse is thus rendered in the translation of the Greek and Hebrew 
texts by the pastors and professors of the Church of Genevat. 
«You shall plant vines, you shall cultivate them, you shall not inde 
the wine of them and you shall gather nothing from them, because the 
worms shall eat their fruit.” 
De Sacy, after the Vulgate, translates it in the following manner: 
“You shall plant a vine and you shall dress it, but you shall not drink 
the wine of it, and you shall gather nothing from it, because it shall be 
destroyed by the worms.” 
In the first of these translations the word fruit is printed in italics, 
because in fact it is not in the Hebrew; but it ought not to be added, 
for it is useless to the sense, which is complete without it, and it may 
jJead to error ; for the insects which injure the vine by cutting the root 
are not the same as those which knaw the leaves, nor are the latter the 
same as those which eat the fruit. 
The word Tholath in the interlineary version of the Hebrew Bible by 
‘Arias Montanust is also translated by Vermis. But the Hebrews had 
also another word for worm, rimma. This word is- often employed 
figuratively in the Bible in the same sense as ¢thola, to designate a vile 
being or an animal engendered from corruption. 
The word rimma is employed several times in this sense in the Book 
of Job ; in Exodus, chap. xvi. verse 24; in Hosea, chap. xiv. verse 11. 
The word ¢tholaat is also employed in Job, chap. xxiii. verse 6; in 
Exodus, chap. xvi. verse 20; in the passage already cited of Deutero- 
nomy; in Psalm xxii. verse 17 ; and lastly in Jonas, chap. iv. verse 7. 
But it is necessary for our object to cite the whole of this last passage, 
and to justify the translation we shall give, which will differ from that 
of the professors of Geneva and from the Vulgate of De Sacy. In this 
chapter it is said, that the prophet having quitted the city, and stopped 
‘at a place in the east, made himself a shed. 
“Then, said the prophet, God caused a plant (kikajon) to spring up, 
which being elevated above Jonas, became a shadow for his head, which 
pleased Jonas extremely ; but at the dawn of the next day God prepared 
a worm (tholaat), which wounded the plant (kikajon) and caused it to 
wither.” 
I can easily show that I am right in translating it thus, i in ricokebince 
to adopting any of the three versions that are before me. 
* Deuteronomy, chap. xxviii. verse 29. 
+ La Sainte Bible, ou le Vieux et le Nouveau Testament, traduits. par les Pas- 
teurs et les Professeurs de Eglise de Geneve. Geneve, 1805, t. i. p. 276, 
t Bible of Arias Montanus. 
