394 THE ANATOMY OP VEETEBRATED ANIMALS. 



situated upon its posterior extremity. Tlie body of the 

 hyoid is a very broad plate of bone, and lias two paii* of 

 stout well-ossified corniia. 



The Cetacea are devoid of clavicles. If the spine of the 

 scapula is present, it is a low iddge situated close to the 

 anterior edge of the bone ; but it commonly terminates in a 

 long acromion process, and, sometimes, there is a con- 

 spicuous, straight, and flattened, coracoid. The humenis is 

 short, and the articular surfaces at its distal end are, in 

 all recent Cetacea, flat facets inclined to one another at 

 an angle. The ulna and the radius are short, laterally 

 compressed bones, without any movement upon one another ; 

 and, in all recent Cetacea, they are not freely movable ixpon 

 the humerus. The carpus is often imperfectly ossified. 

 When the carpal bones are complete, they are polygonal 

 and imbedded in a fibrous tissiie; not vmited by articu- 

 lations provided with synovial membranes. The digits do 

 not exceed five in number, but there are always more 

 than three phalanges in some of them. 



The pelvis is represented by two bones which lie parallel 

 with the axis of the vertebral column, give attachment to 

 the corpora cavernosa in the male, and, therefore, probably 

 represent the ischia. They are elongated, convex upwards 

 and concave downwards, and are connected with the verte- 

 bral cohimn only by fibrous tissiie. In some few Cetacea 

 [Balcenoidea) ossicles, which lie on the outer side of the 

 pelvic bone, appear to represent the femur, but no fiu-ther 

 indication of a hind limb has been discovered. 



In most of the Cetacea, the muscles which, in other 

 Mammalia, move the antebrachium and the manus, are 

 absent, those which move the humenis upon the shoulder- 

 blade being, alone, represented. 



In no recent Cetacean have the teeth any vertical suc- 

 cessors, nor more than a single root. The alveoli are often 

 incompletely separated from one another. The number of 

 the teeth varies very greatly, but they are almost always 

 nearly uniform in character. There appear to be no salivary 

 glands. The stomach is complicated, being divided into. 



