474 THE ANATOMY OF TEETEBEATED ANIMALS. 



partments, the middle of which is sacciilated. A gi'oove 

 with raised edges leads from the cardiac end of the gullet 

 to the middle compartment. 



The coecuni, though distinct, is relatively small, and has 

 no vermiform appendage. 



The liver varies much in the degi'ee of its subdivision 

 into lobes, being least divided in the Semnopitheci, and most 

 in the Baboons. The innominate artery generally gives 

 origin to both carotids, as well as to the right subclavian, 

 the left subclavian arising directly from the arch of the 

 aorta. 



When laryngeal air sacs are developed, they ai"e not formed 

 by dilatations of the lateral ventricles of the larynx ; but a 

 single sac, with a median aperture, is formed in the thyro- 

 hyoidean space immediately beneath the epiglottis. This 

 median air sac is very large, extending down over the front 

 of the neck, and sending processes into the axillae, in some 

 Semnopitheci and Cynocephali. The right lung is usually 

 foiir-lobed, the left two-lobed. 



The kidney has only a single papilla. 



The posterior lobes of the cerebrum project beyond the 

 cerebellum in all the Cynoviorpha ; they are shortest in the 

 Semnopitheci, and longest in the Cynocepliali. The prin- 

 cipal sulci and gyri which are found in the human brain 

 are always indicated ; but the external perpendicular fissure 

 is strongly marked. The posterior comu of the lateral ven- 

 tricle is large, and there is a strongly-marked hippocampus 

 minor. 



There is usually, if not always, a bone in the penis, which 

 is provided with two special retractor muscles. The females 

 are subject to a periodical tui-gescence of the sexual organs, 

 sometimes accompanied by hsemorrhage, and comparable to 

 menstruation. The placenta is often bilobed. 



b. The Anthropomorpha diSev iromthe Cynomorplia in tlie 

 following characters : They are especially arboreal animals, 

 which habitually assume a semi-erect posture, supporting 

 the weight of the fore part of the body upon the ends of 

 the fingers or, more usually, upon the knuckles. There is 



