FIFTH day's sitting. 103 



Lord G. It would be to some purpose if Mr. Darwia could 

 show that the orang's covering itself with leaves is a recent 

 invention on its part ? 



Homo. I have known a dog, my Lord, to work its way 

 under straw, and even under a blanket, to keep itself warm 

 in cold weather, and it is well known that cattle will seek 

 the shade of trees as a screen from the heat of the sun. As 

 for the baboon, we may regard it as taking a first step in 

 architecture when it malces the straw mat for the purpose 

 of screening itself from the heat, or improves on this 

 method of protection by some new invention of its own. 



Lord C. How is it if the orang has taken a first step in 

 architecture, that it does not proceed to take a second ? 



Homo. And how is it, my Lord, that even man himself 

 cannot teach the brute to do so ? But Mr. Darwin has no 

 answer for such questions. 



Lord G. What have you to say, then, Mr. Darwin, re- 

 garding language ? 



Darwin. "Articulate language," my Lord, "is peculiar 

 to man ; but he uses, in common with the lower animals, 

 inarticulate cries to express his meaning, aided by gestures 

 and the movements of the muscles of the face." (Vol. i. 

 p. 54.) 



Homo. I presume, my Lord, it is to articulate language 

 you are now referring, and not to the inarticulate cries 

 either of man or animal. The question is not whether 

 man has certain instincts and powers corresponding with 

 those of the lower animals. No one doubts that. In so 

 far as man is an animal, he must, of course, have qualities 

 resembling those of animals. But the question is whether 

 man, while an animal, is not also more than an animal, and 

 whether, therefore, he does not possess powers which no 

 animal either does or can possess. Mr. Darwin is leading 



