238 Essays. 
8. In order, however, that the botanical geography of this large island 
may be the better known, especially to those at a distance, it will be necessary 
to go a little into detail, and to show the same, as far as practicable, from 
its insular position, climate, and situation ; as well as from a brief comparison 
of its botany with that of the nearest lands. In doing this, the phenogamous 
genera and species, including also ferns endemic to our island, will be par- 
ticularly noticed; and those plants which are very local in their habitat will 
be pointed out. For although the general climate of the whole island is 
temperate and genial (extending as it does from 34° to 42° south, and with 
only two elevations above the line of perpetual snow), several of its vege- 
table productions are remarkably local. And, that this may be the more 
naturally and readily perceived, it is proposed to show the same in two 
ways :—(1) by areas corresponding more or less to its degrees of latitude ; 
and (2) by zones increasing in altitude surrounding the island.* 
Of phienogamie genera which as far as is at present known are peculiar 
to the North Island of New Zealand, the following may be mentioned, viz. :— 
Entelea, Ackama, Ixerba, Alseuosmia (several species), Colensoa, Rabdotham- 
nus, Nesodaphne (2 sp.), Dactylanthus, and Adenochilus; and of ferns, 
Loxsoma. And of endemic species of genera hitherto unknown to the other 
New Zealand Islands, the following :— 
| . PHENOGAMS. 
Phebalium nudum+ Olea montana Santalum cunninghamii 
Pomaderris elliptica Geniostomaligustrifollum ^ Elatostemma rugosum 
» edgerleyi Calceolaria sinclairii ammara australis 
i phylicifolia 5 repens Sarcochilus adversus 
Clianthus puniceus Glossostigma elatinoides Alepyrum pallidum 
* I had also drawn a third division or classification of many of the plants of the North 
sland, according to its geognostie formation; but I have been obliged to abandon it, 
gr | 
distribution of plants. Iremember well (in 1845) being forcibly struck with seeing certain 
Bay of Islands plants (e.g. Metrosideros scandens, Gaultheria antipoda, Cordyline stricta, 
Lindsea linearis, Lycopodium volubile, &c.) on the clayey hills near i 
en it, as a necessary step towards the solving of the t problem concerning the 
the same geologic features obtain on those hills as at the Bay of Islands, although but 
rarely intermediate. many of these species (as far as I know) are not elsewhere 
found bet 36° South and Cook Strait. 
— * Also found at Norfolk Island. 
