248 Essays. 
coast, has its north limit about Poverty Bay, where too it is very plentiful. 
Taraxacum dens-leonis growing sparingly with the former, but often rising 
to a much higher elevation of 3,000 feet, has not been detected north of 
Tolaga Bay. Ourisia macrophylla, found plentifully at from 1,500 to 3,000 
feet, has not been seen north of Poverty Bay. Calceolaria sinclairii and 
Euphrasia cuneata, coast plants (rising, however, to 500 feet), have their 
north limits at the East Cape. Myosotis and Exarrhena, several species met 
with in both dry and damp spots, from the sea coast to an altitude of 2,000 
feet, are unknown north of the East Cape. Fagus fusea, found in the 
interior at an altitude of from 500 to 2,500 feet, has not been seen north of 
Poverty Bay* while F. solandri, a species found much nearer the sea, and 
attaining to a higher elevation of 4,000 feet, reaches nearly to the East 
Cape. Zannichellia palustris, has not been noticed north of Table Cape ; 
while its aquatic congener, Lemna gibba, reaches Poverty Bay. Of Ferns 
peculiar to the southern parts of the island may be noticed,—Hymeno- 
Phyllum bivalve, H. pulcherrimum, and H. eruginosum, which extend through- 
out damp forests in the interior, at an elevation of 2,000 feet, to about 
88° south, their north limit. Davallia nove-zealandie has been found as far 
north as the Bay of Plenty. -Lomaria elongata and L. nigra, at an elevation 
of 1,000 to 1,600 feet, extend plentifully north, from Wairarapa, near 
Wellington, to 38° south. Small specimens, however, of Lomaria elongata 
have lately been found near Wellington. Polypodium sylvaticum (a scarce 
fern), at a lower elevation, from Wellington to Tolaga Bay, 38? 30' south; 
and Leptopteris superba, at an altitude of from 2,000 to 3,000 feet, extends 
north to about 38? south. id 
14. It has already been shown how widely spread and eommon many 
of the plants of this North Island are ; nevertheless, there are some, both 
genera and species, which, as far as is known, are peculiarly local. This, it 
is believed, is a characteristic feature in the botany of New Zealand, and 
one which, if hereafter proved to be real, will be worthy of deep considera- 
tion,—as to the why such should be. A few of the more strikingly local 
plants, hitherto only found in one small spot, are here enumerated, with 
their known habitats :—Olematis depauperata (n.), near Hawke Bay. Myo- 
surus aristatus, Palliser Bay. Ranunculus geranüfolius (n.), between Mount 
Tongariro and Ruahine mountain range. Drosera pygmea, Cape Maria van 
Diemen; Drosera arcturi, at Taupo, near the base of Tongariro. Stack- 
small isolated wood of Fagus at the head of Whangarei Bay, but failed in getting any 
fruiting specimens. That plant, from its vernation, is believed by the writer to be a 
different species, or, at all events, a marked variety (Vide Lo: Journal of Botany, 
co. Web HE p $86) The same tree grows also near Kaitaia Mission Station, north of 
. 85° south. By the northern natives it is called Autu. 
