52 Transactions. — Miscellaneous. 
Polygonum rayi, Ray's knotgrass, Britain.—Seeds; grows close to tbe surface, 
. which it speedily covers. 
Euphorbia glauca, sea-spurge.—Common all round the coasts; a most valuable 
plant for binding the surface, often growing in places exposed to the 
wash of the sea. j 
Ё. portlandica, Portland spurge, Europe. 
E. paralias, Europe. 
The above are in no way superior to the native species. 
E. peplis, sun-spurge, Europe.—This has been recommended by some writers, 
but, from its annual duration, is of little value. I consider it inferior to 
the purslane, which is abundantly naturalized. 
Iris susiana, Chalcedonian iris, Levant. 
I. germanica, Germany. 
Seeds and divisions of the root; naturalized in many parts of the Colony, 
especially abundant at the Bay of Islands ; plants of great value from 
their abundant, fleshy rhizomes and rigid leaves. 
Asparagus officinalis, asparagus, Europe.—Seeds; cultivated in New Zealand, 
holds the sand by its matted roots. 
Arthropodium cirrhatum, rengarenga.—-Common on the coasts of the Auckland 
Province. 
Cyperus ustulatus, prickly toe-toe.—A bundant throughout the Colony, and of 
great value. 
Arundo conspicua, toi-toi.— Abundant throughout the Colony ; seeds; one of 
the most valuable plants available for coastal reclamation. 
Asplenium lucidum, wharengarara.— A bundant, especially near the sea ; forms 
large clumps on the sands in the southern part of the Colony. 
D—Sxpers AND Grasses, chiefly with creeping roots. 
Desmoschenus spiralis, pingao.—Common on blown sand all round the coast ; 
seeds freely. 
Carex pumila.—Common on loose sandy shores. 
C. raoulii.—Not uncommon. 
C. inversa. —Rare and local. 
C. arenaria, sand-sedge, Europe. 
Seeds are produced freely, and all the species may be increased by cuttings 
of the creeping rhizomes, or, in the case of C. raoulii, by division of 
the root. ©. arenaria is more valuable than either of the native 
Species. 
Spinifex hirsutus.—On all loose maritime sands the long trailing stems are 
often 20ft. long, or more, and will root at every joint if fastened down 5 
like the pingao this will only flourish in loose sand. 
