Tuomson.— Whence of the Maori. xxvii 
hitam, Liang, and Saparua ; lemaatia, in Amblaw ; limaka, in Morella ; limawa, in Batu- 
merah ; limamo, in Camarian ; limacolo, in Teluti ; niman, in Ahtiago; and limin, in 
Teor, 
Mata, the eye; mata ayer, a fountain ; mata pisau, the blade of a knife; mata wang, 
hard cash ; mata banda, property ; mata jalan, advanced guard ; mata mata, an overseer ; 
mata hari, the sun (literally the eye of the day), in Malay; mata alo, the sun, in 
Salayer ; also, mata roa, in Menado ; ria mata, in Liang; lia mata, in Lariki, etc. ; 
mata, face, in Maori. 
Muka, the face ; muka papan, effrontery (literally, flat board-faced), in Malay. 
Rupa, face, in Salayer ; rupa, likeness, in 
Angkat, to lift ; mang kat, to die (applied only to princes) ; anak angkat, the adopted 
child ; angkatan, an expedition by sea or land ; angkas, ethereal space, in Malay. 
Panas, warm, in Malay ; bahaha, in Cajeli ; bafanat, in Ahtiago; mahana, the day, 
° 
Ld 
2 
in Maori. 
Hangat, hot, in Malay ; hangat, the sun, in Wayapo. 
Mata hari, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Malay. 
Mata alo, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Salayer. 
Ria mata, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Liang. 
Lia matei, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Morella. 
Lia mata, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Lariki. 
Riamatani, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Saparua. 
Liamatan, the sun ; and matan, the eye, in Ahtiago. 
Matalon, the sun ; and mata, the eye, in Bajow. 
Kom-aru, the sun ; and karu, the eye, in Maori. 
The above are a few examples of the tendencies to divergency in languages 
by operations within themselves; but they are by no means so forcible as 
influences from without, caused by inroads of conquering tribes, mercantile 
communication, and the aptitude for borrowing expressions from more culti- 
these primary terms in tropical, and indeed 
excepting by the extirpation of the 
vated races, yet, notwithstanding, 
in other races, are all but irradicable, 
Of this fact most enquirers will have seen abundant proof. 
The nearest cognate race to the New Zealand Maori is that which inhabits 
the Tonga or Friendly Islands. This group is sub-divided into three well 
marked sub-groups, viz, Tongatabu, Haabai, and Haafuluhao. Whether the 
middle group—Haabai—be the Hawaiki of the Maoris, and Tongatabu be the 
roro, or gate thereto, spoken of in their traditions, I will leave others to 
decide ; certain it is that the languages have a most remarkable affinity, 
when, after considering the above causes of deterioration, we find after the 
lapse of centuries of separation so much glossarial coincidence. Captain Cook 
properly remarks, *' that they are but dialects of one tongue, having less 
divergence than many counties in Great Britain." 
For the sake of comparison with the languages of the Indian Archipelago, 
I have adopted the same selection of words as is given by Mr. Wallace in his 
comparative vocabularies of that region, though there is some disadvantage in 
people themselves. 
