588 Transactions.— Geology. 
beds, changed little the charaeteristie features the country had then 
assumed. In any case, it is apparent that the country had already 
received its present orographical main configuration, in so far that the 
broad valley of the present Kahutara and its connection with the Upper 
Conway already existed, through whieh an arm of the sea flowed to the 
south before the marl stones and the succeeding beds were deposited. 
The marl stones here mentioned as being deposited.after the excavation 
of this valley belong to the Mataura series, which, in the South, Captain 
Hutton finds to be conformable to the Kahiku series. Are we then to con- 
sider this valley as having been formed prior to the deposition of the Kahiku 
beds ? 
In his paper “ On the Kaikoura District " t Mr. Buchanan notices the 
anticlinal arrangement of the young secondary rocks, and clearly shows 
that the movements whereby this was effected was not confined to the 
younger beds, but extended over a very large district, and involved in its 
action all the older rocks. 
My attention thus attracted, I consulted the reports of Dr. Haast and 
Captain Hutton on this subject, but; further than that they note the beds 
as frequently standing at high angles, and occasionally forming synclines, 
no mention is made of the greater movements in which these beds have 
participated ; wrapping round spurs, deposits in bays and vallies between 
mountain ranges, being the favourable theories advocated by them. 
Not seeing my way clear to accept these as the true explanations, I 
submit some further evidenee in support of Mr. Buchanan's theory, con- 
vinced that it alone fully explains the scattered occurrence of the Waipara 
beds from Southern Canterbury to Cape Campbell. 
CONCLUDING REMARKS. 
From the mouth of the Waiau River, and running parallel to the coast, 
the Hawkeswood Range is continuous until the Conway River is reached, 
north of which it loses the character of a range, and an assemblage of rocky 
peaks of inconsiderable elevation form the older rocks between the Conway 
and the north-east face of the Amuri Bluff. The line of higher elevation is 
yet, however, to be traced as far as Kais Hill, and fully a mile out to sea at 
the Hapuka Rocks. 
The same line continued cuts the Kaikoura Peninsula at the centre of 
the anticline, where the older uneonformable beds are exposed. Continuing 
this line to the north, the coast range south of the Clarence River is 
reached, consisting also of older rocks. 
Thus from the mouth of the Waiau to the south bank of the Clarence 
* “Geol. Reports,” 1870-71, p. 28. : 
t“ Geol. Reports," 1866. 
