590 Transactions.—G eology. 
stand at high angles, and in two places present the phenomena of an over- 
turned section. The first in the country, between the Clarence and Kai- 
koura, where the whole series, including the leda marls, are overturned 
20° beyond vertical. The second, near Heathstock, where the Awatere 
beds are also involved; the beds here are for the most part nearly vertical, 
and it is only the greensand group which, in the section seen, is over- 
turned. 
And thus, when these facts are taken into consideration, it does not 
appear to me that, at the time when these beds were being deposited, the 
outlines of the present configuration of the area within which their 
remnants are now found, was then determined; or that this series, at least 
the higher beds of it, were deposited in a large bay, with inlets penetrating 
the mountain ranges, wherever these rocks are now found. I rather think 
that the evidence points to the subsidence of a very wide area until deep- 
sea deposits were formed and a subsequent upheaval of mountain chains, 
between which, and in the folds of which, the younger beds have been 
preserved to the present day. 
Art. XCII.—On the relation between the Pareora and Ahuriri Formations. 
By Captain F. W. Hurrox, Director of the Otago Museum. 
[Read before the Otago Institute, 24th October, 1876.] 
In 1873, in my “ Catalogue of the Tertiary Mollusca and Echinodermata of 
New Zealand, in the Colonial Museum,” I separated the tertiary rocks at 
Awatere, Kanieri, Pareora, Awamoa, etc., from those of Napier, East Coast 
of Wellington, Broken River (upper bed), etc., under the names of the 
Pareora and Ahuriri formation respectively. During the last two years, 
however, I have been gradually led to doubt the correctness of this division, 
and to consider it probable that both ought to be regarded as one and the 
same formation. This view was first forced upon my notice during my 
survey of Otago, by finding that, although both the Oamaru and Pareora 
formations were largely developed, I could find no trace of the supposed 
intermediate Ahuriri formation. At the time of writing my report, 
however, I did not consider myself justified in making the change, nor 
was a discussion of this nature suitable to a report on the geology of 
Otago. But since then the Otago Museum has received collections of 
fossils from Pareora and the Wairarapa, which have enabled me to go 
more closely into the question, and the results of that investigation I have 
now the honour to lay before you. 
