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STEWART:. OSTEOLOGY OF BISON ANTIQUUS LEIDY. 129 
two collections having been made from the first of these localities 
and described by Sir John Richardson in the Zoology of the Voy- 
age of the Herald. Some of these remains had not entirely lost 
their animal matter, the horns still covering the horn-cores in some 
Instances. The second of these «localities has furnished frag- 
mentary remains of bison, represented in the collections of the 
National Museum and the California Academy of Sciences. The 
remains are more or less abundant in these localities, as, miners 
often bring down horn-cores and other fragments when coming 
from the. interior. In California the remains have been found in 
various places, associated with the bones of JA/astodon, Lilephas, 
Tapirus, and Eguus. In Oregon a specimen of a phalangeal bone 
was described by Dr. Perkins, which probably belongs to this 
species, 
From the above it may be seen that remains of Aison antiquus 
have been found in Georgia, South Carolina,(?) Kentucky, Califor- 
mia, Oregon, Kansas, and Alaska, showing that the animal had a 
Tange over the greater part of North America. It was cotemporary 
with the Mammoth, Mastodon, and with man, asa small but well 
fashioned arrow-head was found by Mr. H. T. Martin, associated 
with the specimen now in the Kansas University Museum. 
Skull, 
The skull, when compared with Bison americanus and Bos taurus, 
Presents numerous points of difference. The skull as a whole is 
Much larger and more tapering toward the extremity, the horn- 
ae are proportionally longer, larger and less recurved than in 
Bison americanus, the orbits are more protruding and the pre-max- 
illee are longer and narrower. Examined in detail the following 
Points of difference are noted: 
Occipital, 
All of the occipital elements have become united in this speci- 
nen, forming one bone. The ex- and supra-occipitals form the back 
all of the cranium, and when compared with the two recent 
forms EN : ; 3 
rms mentioned above, many points of difference are ob- 
poeyed. It is broader and proportionally lower than in either 
of the recent forms, and the two lateral halves are separated by 
@ median carina which is present in the recent Bos, but not 
SO well marked as in this species. This carina ends superiorly in 
~ Fugose-like swelling, which is much more prominent than in 
Bison americanus, for the attachment of the ligamentum nuche. The 
two later; : . A and ‘ 
lateral halves, instead of being nearly flat as in Bos faurus, are 
