THE GARDENERS CHRONICLE AND 
AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, 
[FEBRUARY 18, 1860, 
itl ht to b with the importance of this ts ss 
bag 
1, y 
+, 
non sa natory 
Ł 
a bad 
sy stem portaed, 
t ‘pre esent atn by the 
ort of t 
would not s mai acquiesce in the repo 
oil into a fertile condition, w 
hey a liat amount of phosphoric acid an 
“they | tins but also what means w 
q nt ee aE a into active 
n thi is 
aorma 
g 
iji 
pai and ten 
the wake of the 
mind of the pao the erroneous psa ai, that the 
rivers. of a country are the proper repositories for its 
st this, as objectionable on inane of healt 
water-courses, and s 
ments 0 
Dr. ERE strongly proteste ted, ina | pam 
in 1857, and II ublic 
more recent date, in which the injury done S _ 
Magog on pr aly of the Thamesi in which our own 
is ed, by this practice, may be seen clonal 
tm Osfo 4 
w wanted ; 
e must ky 
a} 
d of HER 
ill ow for con ertin ing its 
int I conceive cepacia 
xh: 
Duta s they require, like many "others nga 
ng 
would persevere in Ss loth science and 
into i until the difficulties had on at 
length sur unte d. 
tk 
Nor wou di t ruden: 
as wall as a 
oie) t time to complet, 
the 
ach of a on 
wuprovied with a ‘suitable staff of 
they 
a per ere at my Giman of lit 
yP 
depend upon a foreign, precarious, and 
exhaustible FA for the supply of 
which nature A A Sari within the rea 
individual i xcret a = he oan SEE 
class of reasoners who r 
or g at any Una a ani ar 
s pecnslonied “ We transfer of the consti- 
great cities, lean more upon 
in matters of such 
extent the 
a of our crops to our 
y than it would be safe to do 
rd indee 
rts of the system without any > its 
Soci 
| It may be demonstrable indeed, that the crust of the 
over 
hey m 
th ne ae 
the chair of R 
seeing that they will be provided in future 
my younger days I w 
in 
viz., a plo 
w shere th “ng could i conveniently be 
It this 
assistants fea w 
invest igatio S y. 
ay serve, ` howev er, to afford an s- 
of researches wW vhich I trust My su Saar 4 
unde: ertak 
via 
tate Ag ti Dime 
vithin an pat eae of Onin 
t of gr ound, v 
view 
onable par 
advantage, wasting as completely as in London 
contents of our sewerage, and OAE them Aa a al 
i banean nite ma ar 
the | 
globe, take it all inal tibl p! 
Fo 
or the Tipha wi it may b lso true, that t 
and s been mad ade; by t tillage al to yield | 
dian forr period 
the 
jy iew of enabling him to carry on experiments 
rust fo 
being, oe the 
con mnected 
a point n aie 
tiguou mute dwelling perdin but directly u FAE KARN 
the most public thoroughfare of the city. 
Let us now see whether the pisos seo ge 
could advance an EN capable of overthrowing the 
ge of the conclusions arrived at by Baron nie 
It e, I m ight imagine him to say, that a vast 
Gh ko 
of tin which, although rath: compared DE 
tion of the com munity. in which the iia ly devia, 
en s to our limited views a — mtnshletablo.| 
But experiments are yet wanting to show, what 
— of PSE what description of treatment, what 
oft 
ee 
engag 
a 
fro 
Fo all Ee can 
men, who, like 
their time and attention to agr icultural ex Xperimen nts, 
oa ever, — ced, by the reasons stated 
in elabor ate a — Of rese cscarches 
doi is Sto recomme: Si to those gentle. 
Mr. Lawes, p ra large Portion of 
449153 
per: 
tions, would. be Tequired under ordinar 
by ay! ss cities; but what after all are these mate- 
, and whence are they derived ? 
made elsewhere might lead 
us to infer, that the 
employed at Lois- Weedon, if they colt 
piii 1 
"“iesentially they consist of phosphor d in o 
other a ie combinations, of alkaline as, especialy of 
foie S, soluble silicates, and of abun- 
dantly difaecd ingredients; oe as ne the eir ela. 
whether derived from gonna d m bones, or from stable 
they may in sla ed back to the 
— 
with organic remains is impregnated w 
of these gio acing names witb phosphor ate since 
the lat appears ‘to be present in all forms of|u 
ve table or of animal life. 
ow as whatever exists in the s 
derived from the decomposition = the upper su | 
of the rock upon aiok it gets it haga that ihe 
presence of the edient in question in the soil 
oil must hav anaes 
mes that “quantity 
of 
fused grt n ai ia ole as 
sparing 
inexhaustible supply must exist in Ahè interior of ‘the 
earth, 
ing the fertility h a soil, since we haroi it aon in our | the Royal Society, which y being made 
power, by a diligent use of the means at our dis sposal, | the subject | of thei eir Bakerian “Teetare e- > 1845. Po com- 
to restore the balance, b f 10 i i 
vould in 
4 y inquiries, on the scale, and 1 mith Be 
indeed the investigations precision, with whieh they deserve to be entere red upon, 
ns Whatever indeed mig ht be the conclusions towhich 
to be of bees highest pint importance K fe 
Sh 
the majority of cases be 
pense with manare. Although t the sot theoretically 
speaking, may be inexhaustible, it is ame ain that the 
ou 
very H 
perons 
bringing into an available 
nT crops 
sible, 
ney couldnot 
ee 
te e 
, for instance, turn out, bee 
ia ‘the time and 
is 50 great, that, althou gh t 
r and difficu ley of obtaining it must increase ina 
id ratio wit ith 
shaven lies bi 
that 
E 
for adios purposes ener ort a 
min 
may be naad 
o dou — the eral constituents which | render aq 
exhau ste 
vingin 
soil s 
position of the ‘subs vil anderneath, but we know not 
culture „presents a TAa pr 
the 
falling of toattempt restoring fertility to a thoroy 
d field b ch n 
go orm TA constitu olor 
e. na 
supply of guano and mineral phospha 
y su 
indeed 
nethods as we could i 
i "the future of Britis 
a. is an 
then, 
ow many centuries may have been require 
seni this result, and might therefore as well calculate 
ood th 
be speedily resolved upon. 
n makin consumption of our coal fields, | Nothing 1 t 
the phar A of countless ages oi of v vigorous vegeta- pools, still i in use in most outline ction w will ‘tf 4 
tion, he of the timber or herbage now f 
ing upon the sac D as to reckon upon bringing “back 
an aea soil to the fertile ‘condition in a it 
had been handed over to us by n the 
medium of any transient appheati one mere 
| human indust: 
The e experiments hitherto made upon subsoiling 
carcely warrant our anticipating any sudden restitu- 
en of its pristine fertility to the er 4 by bringing up 
e | portions of the s subjac acent rock to the surface, for where 
feed our vast me tropolis from sinking gradually 7 
a sond a 
whi 
baa 
unfavourable conditions 
sical t 
which was adopted by our brethren in the Selon 
whan ces of onep 
na aee sterility, 
y like Great Britain, teeming with th popie 
vi ng every nook and co; 
ch Nature has not consigned to pian 
of temperature, elevation, or 
the ey | had exhaust edt the resour 
the very opposite result is said to have ensued. 
ee this is explained by the condition i in which the 
phos 1; 
“En take 
Suppodag it to be _proved, that in 
ie. 
a more hopeful view afi ‘hook 
t instances a 
the Saris Ter they have been made accessible to the 
influences of atmospheric — 
n a memoir on the = — Aas a read before 
3 
able any conceivable amount of the om ingredients | 
whieh o our crops may requi 
— 
an ex 
that co 
tained, so 
to be supplied. 
Still we must recollect, that the difficulty 7 ta 
to the land its pristine fertility will go on in an fo 
hausted s 
atent treasures the —— subsoil, and bring it into 
ndition 
f labour Prp E p 
will in the course of time elicit the 
it has been, and may be, 
reca aa and superphosphates contie 
I ch met east important conclusion, namely that | we shall have every time t bring t! e materials 
experiments as those carried on for ma ny years pa ast at | a soil may re Ai retain a — a t ofall the | greater — than heretofore eg therefore 
Lois-Weedon in Nortlätmptónehiré. piera without the | necessary constituents of a plant, and yet be unable to grea nt of labour; and 2dly, beca 
> hrar of any manure at all, a succession of most | impart them to itir m snaps sat quantities, tach a ~ ener brongt into es Avai ailable or rete 
t ae s have been obtained from the condition i in which th bin will, on each repetition € of the process, be difi 
same piece of every alternate yan by diligently | Thus after 10 sonics ropping, at which ti 
arning wp the voll and Rte ge ing its constituents = many sorts of suai appeared to have appr mone a It must be borne in mind, that the fertilit 
to the action of wind and xhaustion, T found by analysis that 6 lbs. of phosphate of ection ot upon the absolute teri of J 
mie equal to about 3 of phosphoric acid, existed ìn | soluble resms: sr the 3 
Now if I have fairly expressed the views of those | every 100 square feet of soil ta e depth of} ground, but u 
persons of either class, who would uphold our present | 3 feet from the surface, a quantity whic uld have | to ke aterial through which 
system of sewerage, it will, I think, » appear, that repre- at least 13 more crops of ley, abun upposing therefore, a soi 
senting, as Lr opposite pr of thinking, they | dant on e average ose W n alre: ady roughly exhausted of its fertilising ma 
baie te he Dea or one in tained the ISS _ | expect to restore it to its pristine eae 
br __And in like manner I foun |, that there was magnesia | £ 3 fect of the subsoil into the same 
iance u enough for 34 crops, e of potass for 15. : into which it had been brought in 
The Faved of the lapom ical ate eae : have| But the greater part of these i , although | natural agencies, because the 
re peaa raia myself t he spokesman, may | they were s separable sir E rest of the soil by digestion | in the latter will have to be 
vi ou a “i op. angie that yo for “theory, | in muriatic acid, w. upon by r contain- ity of e re, 
w 3 80 0} a men to put up | carbonic acid, the 1 fatter only extracti th ‘ 
which is ES “faulty in the established | grin of earthy phosphate Bom B at a evil li ing like the mieria oe 
routine, Regs. than attempt to build upon a 
foundat 
When 
evil is pressing and immediate, we put 
our shoulders to the wheel manfully to overcome it ae se 
often neglect to consider, w ae M e remed 
sme strikes at the root of the offending cause, o ality 
emoves from ose effects which pres sensibly pera 
ofi its presence. 
spo ort of the sewage matter to a Rennes ar 
polis has i ms Sith the p 
a matter of par: 
y uria 
th part of the soil, that separa ied 
Soi acid amounted only to 2; the part Of t the latter 
led me o what I 
pe 
jbe d th 
active or available, it being reasonable to conclude, 
amount necessi | 
f that end Soght By no e ao it 
whether See not | | 
a iral., avai 
aining yina- re, ai aaee which Nature reap 
| but only b; eae 
hopes that his estate con 
to bring to the surface, were to tl 
his , alread, 
d made available for all the pur] 
of a colliery of un 
the 
penis 
metal which ‘required! ent 
ery wh 
— in the me supot thi 
m his mine, arepe an : 
the o 
in as | 
"Before t pte «sec we can ee with any certainty, | 
what amount of time it will take to bring an exhausted | 
| prin 
are an E their 
is likely i 
ina few 3 years to be dried up; 
a el de EET ee ee ee 
ae Te Cae ee oy eee 
