246 
THE GARDENERS’ CHRONICLE, _AND Aoniowurtiat a 
[Marc 17, 1860, 
ployed in the flat pésition, as a Fig. 11, than when laid on 
edge, asd, The increase óf strength obtained by this last posi- 
N 
N 
N A 3 
X 
* Fiel 
r than one not familiar ‘with the laws | 
regulating “fe he Strength of materials would suppose. The}; | 
strength of beams increases directly as igi rron See | 
that is if a beam as & sup ed 20¢ if its bre: ana Se 
doubled, as shown by the dotted parte = ch Ae cf ngth w: id 
n | beam g in Fig. 6 with its depth uniform throughou ughout. The your i make « our Temas du 
influence oF Eos position of the load on beams thus su porte useful, at he e including the mechanie who 
EEE a2, oe i2 may: , SUPpose design a nd the farmer who may wish the’ 
supporto « supported atoneend({Fig. 18) has the pressure applied such design to be ied out in the way fie 
to it entirely at one end as through the medium of the pi ae 0 be of economical servico ws his fay atmi: itl 
standard ù, it will su one-half only of omer whic : d wki 
a like beam a, Fig. 19, will support where is Stat formation is È ini portangy to the 
| buted he surface as b; po iS. n | one as to the ot 
the circumstance: con a in Fig. 8 ei s only y one-fourth 
the pressure which t et tne eth 
Fi Fig. 1 12 sustains: We lately published extracts from a vie i 
Pas pnt of a beam is also gréatly dependent upon its| Arterial Drainage by Mr. GRANTHA „OR 
h ; or the distante ag h the points of ip It is was rea ad some wee o before ie e Tashi 
oh ent that a short beam w ustain eater er than wid w ‘ S tion at 
ivil En expressed the diiin 
that a ben: sioul indie ina ê, Eta 
be doubled. But a thë REAN of beams increasés as the 
of thei Aine i much stronger Ma oe prn bë aR 
AILEY Driton, ay a pee 
eng of Mr. GRANT s paper, a 
a| to this subject :— thas 
“ Our Pi pe 
two poi 8 wabe 
rin 
ASEN a be 
great a Sete is seduréd with cons diderabl ee 
Thus in Fig. 20 we show different sections of beams suppose 
A be cut out of réctangu' 
> 3 n these points 1 shall be happy at some’ 
by P ab. For, ene © hentai «fo tral wee is ror i on d Ér S Be a ate ae he titutio: ce 
8inches = bpa ‘strength wonld be ct mete by 8? nyo cent a 2 peter t form introduced by ; or Maik ts 
while by placing it on its edge the depth would be incredised to pi ae cem Pury rib' f f and by wo ae the results of some experiments 
— nett mee are REE DATON o apr ai S [at some conclusions with res 
one l united by a pei ring rib m be y | the deductions are somewhat at var 
KINSON. The'strength of the nbo A kena teachings, I am led to believe that an e o 
z by See Homer: of experiments instituted fete ae elicit. some useful information from 
at sox. The = 2 2 & attended to such Wie 9? Ta the 
per square inch 6 $ p with respec! ject in 
of a psection of | a before se that one result of the experiments on my ¢ 
Fie, 13. 2568 i mind i is, that while some anomalies Roi 
\ E 3 with , Which sù 7 
the strength in this case being represented by 162, |F ATR BATR PS 3 2 B 
or ao or i times the sreugth yee fair illustration 2886; and of HopékKinsdy'’s 3825. ‘dou bts,” cher can > E doubt 
i thil auld deep beam onger to HopcKinson’s form ik lin, Fig. 20, iS io se | gader dr g throughout the 
es broad. c Ah may be obtained by Roi ony a | accepted as the strongest ible form of a 
bsg or welgtts on the flat side of a Saw while supported at Ser Heck beam. In this the area of the bot- 
both e n edge. A small 
t flat will make the saw. Ae and bern down- 
ards, le a much prgeter Picci the thin edge will in 
TE -= 
only on 
Fig. 15, 
the weight is applied. Thus, when a beam eighted in th 
centre, fais oun over band Arei a, eg 12, it will Bi 
port er resist. nt tet Ao weight which the same e beam will'sus- 
min when When the 9 is distributed over the gato as 
x @ bin 
3 si 
cote ni aa 
hem eir 
dista: the 
paite e r one dappart. 
Fig. 16. eee, the rp itg then 
weight is placed further from the’ centre of t 
beam Cos 
as the 
he beam, the 
flange at centre of beam e. 
half the caida ate; 
ara a para 
adopted, 
Frey ove, shout as at g h. 
grhere the beam has to EA 
ikl 20, 
ee 
wet lands of the kis 
om of a i deers iust very say a 
te discharge of water to the main outfi 
ode winter months.” ae 
consi here indicated, poss 
č ext th tht ast referred - ¥ ë dese 
TAR ; Swe 
cords 
e current n 
EI Seri calewraa Seciety’s Jour 
admitted. But ee 
the sates winter a 
sprin 
should 
the eae of which is equal to the width of bottom and when the thin fall is 
that in 
pyaseeation from sie 
undrained. 
h 
DiE nec mpe: 
The width of flange at f should be imilar sui ich h; 
the pe Me Ayes the two being as bd ber soil which = 
ae a howe nat hy! this 
es adop’ is p 
Aoa tae R its substance. a 
of every piyi losing 
Hl rai from the leaves of tl 
has‘fed, an it- 
the 
in this case is = Perabolio. - ited 
i of the on én shewn 
et ok forms am os ll cyt Pi 
strains. Thus where the 
ot be uniform thr: maghout its length ; 
beam is 
ao the he ia er — downwards, it 
nap male is according to 100 |: 
62, ; fertility, 
From us points iseussed, the) The other point referred ton 
Mae unacquainted with the subject sateen ‘to the peti os 
some information of practical | rmaw’ is’ the 
|w ir or in ascértain: y of eae i 
„| Works as carried out 7 atic are in accordance | penses of Pa rlia 
| With correct principles Pon ustruction. We endea- aor: or enforoemnit el at Y great 
were rej 
oicing i 
This i uilwence is 
Fie, 21. 
laced as in the position shown inikim, Fig. 20, ` 
he hater att 
er ge lis pla 
Mr. FAIRBAIRN as the 
m, either in designing structures it in | r commission f 
ing. whether such | in the 
m a ek ee ee Fe ‘a 
